Med Surg: Respiratory Diagnostic Evaluation & Treatment

Question 1

What are S&S of inadequate oxygenation in the CNS?

Answer 1

Unexplained apprehension (early sign)

unexplained restlessness or irritabilitty (early sign)

unexplained confusion or lethargy (early/late sign)

combativeness (late sign)

coma (late sign)

Question 2

What are S&S of inadequate oxygenation in the Respiratory system?

Answer 2

Tachypnea (early sign)

Dyspnea on exertion (early sign)

Dyspnea at rest (late sign)

Use of accessory muscle (late sign)

Retration of interspaces on inspiration (late sign)

Pause for breath between sentances (late sign)

Question 3

What are S&S of inadequate oxygenation in the Cardiovascular system?

Answer 3

Tachycardia (early sign)

Mild hypertension (early sign)

Dysrhythmia (early/late sign)

Hypotension (late sign)

Cyanosis (late sign)

COol, clammy skin (late sign)

Question 4

What are S&S of inadequate oxygenation in the other systems?

Answer 4

Diaphoresis (early/late sign)

Decreased urinary output (early/late sign)

Unexplained fatigue (early/late sign)

Question 5

What is diagnostic evaluation of respiratory?

Answer 5

ABG: measures dissolved O2 and CO2 in arterial blood, acid-base balance, dont turn O2 off unless told, document; 5 minute pressure check

H&H: O2 carrying capacity of blood

Pulse Oximetry: measure hgb, if low may not get enough O2, about 96% or below 85% (body tissue oxygenized compromised), below 75% (life threatening)

Sputum studies: risnse pt mouth with water to eliminate oral contamination sensitivity, culture, acid-fast bacilli, 15 ml needed early morning

Throat culture

Skin testing: allergies & TB

Endoscope

Lung Biopsy

THoracentesis

Pulmonary Funstion Test

Exercise Testing

Question 6

What is the radiologic diagnostic evaluation of respiratory?

Answer 6

CXR: anatomical location & apperance, if disease present, progression and improvement seen

CT: cross-sections, media sinum, hymen, pleura, may use contrast with vascular structure

MRI: vasulature, apex

Ventilation perfusion scan: patency pumonary airway, blood flow to lung, find PE, use radial isotope and radial gas inhaled

Pulmonary angiography: fkirascopic surgery, similar to cardiac cath, dye used, may wat to cough, feel flushed, nauseated or salty taste

Position Emisison Tomography: PET scan to find pumonary nodules

Question 7

What are respiratory treatments?

Answer 7

Breating retraining

Chest physiotherapy

Incentive spirometry

Oxygen: nasal canula, simple mask, partial rebreather, nonrebreather, face tent, trach collar, venturi mask

Mechanical ventilation: modes, settings, alarms, complications