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Med Surg Test 2: Oncology > Med Surg: Major Cancers > Flashcards

Med Surg: Major Cancers Flashcards

1
Q

Lung Cancer

A

Leading cause of cancer deaths

Poor long-term survival because late-stage diagnosis

Origination typicall bronchial

Symptoms: persistant cough, SOB, hoarseness, hemoptosis, chest pain, voice change, URI

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2
Q

What are risk factors for lung cancer?

A

Smoking

pollution

asbestos

environmental exposures

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3
Q

What is the screening/detectuib for lung cancer?

A

xray

MRI

biopsy

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4
Q

What is the diagnosis for lung cancer?

A

advance stage when caught

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5
Q

What is the prognosis for lung cancer?

A

53% when at local stage

5 year survival rate

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6
Q

What is the treatment for lung cancer?

A

Chemo: signs metastasis, not all lung cancer responds well

Radiation: esophagitis, dysphagia

Surgery: lobectomy, pnemonectomy, spare as much tissue as possible

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7
Q

What is surgical management of lung cancer?

A

lobectomy

Pneumonectomy

Segmentectomy

Wedge resection

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8
Q

What is terminal care of lung cancer?

A

palliation: radiation due to decrease blood supply

Hospice

Symptom Management: pain, oxygen, bronchodial, corticosteriods, mycolytics, fears

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9
Q

What are the risk factors of breast cancer?

A

Increases with age

Tend to run in families

Delayed/no childbearing

Increase of breast density

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10
Q

What are the signs of breast cancer in men?

A

usually presents as a hard, painless, subareolar mass

Widely spread disease because it is usually detected at a later stage then wormen

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11
Q

What is the treatement of breast cancer?

A

Chemo used prophylactically when premenopausal

Horomone therapy if positive for hormonal growth factors

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12
Q

What is the prevention of breast cancer?

A

maintain normal weight

low fat diet

early detection

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13
Q

What is the surgical care of breast cancer?

A

improved

lumpectomy

avoid radical masectomy

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14
Q

What are surgical complications in breast cancer?

A

radiation common with lumpectomy

Chemo used with node involvement

Mestatsis

Premenopause

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15
Q

What are the risk factors for colorectal cancer?

A

Age older then 50 years

Genetic predisposition

personal or family history of cancer

familial adenomatous polyposis

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16
Q

What are the most common signs of colon cancer?

A

rectal bleeding

anemia

change in stool

17
Q

What are the stages of nonsurgical management?

A

Stage I: tumor invased to the muscle layer

Stage 2: tumore invased to the other organ or perforates peritoneum

Stage 3: any level of tumor invasion and upto 4 regional lympth nodes

Stage 4: any level of tumor invasion; many lymph nodes affected with distant metastasis

18
Q

What is the screening/detection of colon canceR?

A

hemocoult ctool after 50

Digital rectal exams after 50

colonscopy

19
Q

What are the treatments for colon cancer?

A

Colon resection

Abdominoperineal resection

Colonstomy

20
Q

What is the prevention of colon cancer?

A

Diet modification (fiber)

Aspirin therapy

Dietary calcium supplement

21
Q

Laboratoy Assessment

A

Hemoglobin and hematocrit values usually decrease

Fecal occult blood test

Possible elevation of carcinoembryonic antigen

imaging assessment

22
Q

What are the risk factors of prostate cancer?

A

age 75% about 65

PSA levels

decrease urinary streatm

nocturia

difficult void

low back pain

23
Q

What is the screening for prostate cancer?

A

first symptoms realtaed to bladded neck obstrution

digital rectal exam

prostate-specific antigen

biopsy necessary to confirm suspected prostatic cancer

24
Q

What are the surgical procedures for prostate cancer?

A

Transurethral resection of the prostate

Suprapubic prostatectomy

Retropubic prostatectomy

Perineal prostatectomy

25
Q

What is continuous bladder irrigation

A

3-way urinary catheter with a 30-45 ml retention balloon through the urethra into the bladder

traction via taping to patient abdomen or thrigh

uncomfortable urge to void continuously

antispasmodic meds

26
Q

What is the Post-Op care of radical prostatectomy?

A

Hydration with IV therapy

caring for wound drains

preventing emboli

preventing pulmonary complications

antibiotics

analgestics

27
Q

What are complicaiotns?

A

urinary incontinence

erectile dysfunction

28
Q

What is nonsurgical management of prostate cancer?

A

radiation

Hormonal therapy

Chemotherapy

29
Q

What is the imaging assessment for head and neck cancer?

A

CT

chest xray

MRI

30
Q

What are interventions for head and neck cancer?

A

radiation

Chemotherapy

cordectomy

laryngectomy

31
Q

What is laryngectomy Postoperative care?

A

First priorities are airway maintenance and ventilation

Wound, flap and reconstructive tissue care

Hemorrhage

Wound breakdown

Pain management

Nurtirion

Speech and language rehabilitation

32
Q

What are communication problems after laryngectomy?

A

Esophageal speech

33
Q

What is community based care for cancer?

A

Home care management

Health teaching: stoma care, communication, smoking cessation

Psychosocial preparation

Health care resources

Med Surg Test 2: Oncology (5 decks)

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