Med 4 Flashcards
LEARN MF
insulin lispro
(rapid-acting)
Humalog
insulin lispro
(rapid-acting) freq
Individualized dosing -
Inject 15 min before or
immediately after
meals
indications insulin lispro
(rapid-acting) uses
Type 1 Diabetes
*Type 2 Diabetes
cons of indications insulin lispro
(rapid-acting)
Low blood sugar (sweating, nausea, dizziness)
*Refrigerate unopened vials
*Discard after 28 days if at room temp
*Let syringe reach room temp prior to injection
to avoid painful injection
*Rotate injection site
insulin glargine
(long-acting
Lantus
insulin glargine
(long-acting) freq
individualized dosing -
once daily
insulin glargine
(long-acting) uses
Type 1 Diabetes
*Type 2 Diabete
insulin glargine
(long-acting) cons
*Low blood sugar (sweating, nausea, dizziness)
*Refrigerate unopened vials
*Discard after 28 days if at room temp
*Let syringe reach room temp prior to injection
to avoid painful injection
*Rotate injection site
metformin
Glucophage
freq of metformin
BID, TID
MAX: 2,550 mg/day
uses metformin
*Type 2 Diabetes
*Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
*Weight loss
metformin cons
*Diarrhea, nausea, abdominal pain
*Take with food
*Titrate dose up weekly (to reduce stomach
upset, diarrhea)
*Long-term use can cause Vitamin B-12
deficient
dapagliflozin
Farxiga
dapagliflozin freq
once daily
use of dapagliflozin
Type 2 Diabetes
*Chronic kidney disease
*Heart failure with reduced
ejection fraction
dapagliflozin cons
*Urinary tract infection
*Increased urine output
*Decreased blood pressure
semaglutide
Rybelsus (oral)
Ozempic
(subcutaneous)
Wegovy
(subcutaneous)
freq semaglutide
Oral: once daily
Subcutaneous: once
weekly
semaglutide uses
*Type 2 diabetes
*Weight management
cons of semaglutide
*Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
*Headache
*Low blood sugar
*Rotate weekly injection sites
gabapentin
Neurontin
gabapentin freq
BID, TID
gabapentin uses
Neuropathic pain
*Seizures
*Anxiety
gabapentin cons
Drowsiness/Dizziness
*Uncoordinated muscle movement
promethazine
Phenergan
promethazine freq
q4-6h prn
promethazine cons
*Drowsiness/dizziness
*Avoid alcohol
*Sun sensitivity
promethazine uses
Prevents and treats
nausea/vomiting
*Motion sickness
*Allergies
ondansetron
Zofran
Zofran ODT
ondansetron freq
q8h prn
ondansetron uses
*Prevent
nausea/vomiting
*Non-FDA approved for
treatment of vomiting
ondansetron cons
*Fatigue
*Headache
*Constipation or diarrhea
omeprazole
(OTC)
Prilosec
omeprazole freq
once daily
omeprazole
(OTC) use
Acid reflux/ indigestion
*Prevention and
treatment of ulcer
omeprazole
(OTC)
*Works in 1 day, up to 4 days for full effect
*Food delays absorption so take >1 hour
before food
*Separate from antacids by 2 hour
famotidine (OTC )
Pepcid AC
freq of famotidine
BID
famotidine uses
*Acid reflux/ indigestion
*Prevention and
treatment of ulcers
famotidine cons
Works in 1 hour, up to 1 day for full effect
*Can be taken with antacids
calcium
carbonate (OTC )
Tums
calcium
carbonate (OTC) freq
Chew 2-4 tablets prn
MAX: 7,500 mg/day if
used for indigestion
MAX: 2,500 mg/day as
supplement
calcium
carbonate (OTC) uses
Calcium
supplement
*Acute acid
reflux/indigestion
calcium
carbonate (OTC) cons
Constipation
*Chew before swallowing
*Do not use > 2 weeks for indigestion
docusate sodium
(OTC)
Colace
use of doc sodium
daily
docusate sodium
(OTC) use
*Stool softener to
relieve
constipation
cons of docusate sodium
Works in 1-3 days
*Take with water
*Diarrhea, cramps
polyethylene
glycol (PEG)
(OTC/Rx)
MiraLAX (OTC)
GoLYTELY (Rx
Polyethylene
glycol (PEG)
(OTC/Rx)
MiraLAX (laxative):
17g (1 capful)
dissolved in 8 oz. of
liquid by mouth once
daily prn
GoLYTELY
(colonoscopy prep):
Mix with water to
make 1 gallon, drink
8oz every 10 minutes
Polyethylene
glycol (PEG)
(OTC/Rx)
Osmotic laxative to
relieve constipation
*Bowel cleansing for
colonoscopy prep
Polyethylene
glycol (PEG)
(OTC/Rx)cons
Laxative works in 1-3 days
*Do not take laxatives longer than 1 week
without MD approval
*Colon prep works in 1 hr
*Diarrhea, cramps, bloating
bisacodyl (OTC)
Dulcolax
bisacodyl (OTC) freq
Laxative: 5-15mg PO
daily, 10mg rectally
daily
Colonoscopy prep: 20-
30mg dose
MAX: 30mg/da
bisacodyl (OTC)
Stimulant laxative to
relieve constipation
*Bowel evacuant for
colonoscopy prep
bisacodyl (OTC) cons
*Oral dose works in 8 hrs
*Suppository works within 15-60 minutes
*Do not take longer than 1 week without MD
approval
*Diarrhea, cramp
loperamide
(OTC)
Imodium
loperamide freq
2 tablets PO after first
loose stool, then 1
tablet after each
subsequent loose
stool
MAX: 8mg/day (OTC),
16mg/day (Rx
loperamide
(OTC) uses
Slows peristalsis to treat
diarrhea
loperamide
(OTC) cons
drowsiness
*If diarrhea has not improved in 2 days, call MD due
to de-hydration risk
