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med 2 Flashcards

1
Q

differentiating between crigler-najar type 1 and type 2 (besides ++bili in type 1)

A

type 2 is reduced in response to phenobarbital

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2
Q

treatment of TTP-HUS

A

plasmaphoresis

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3
Q

lung compliance in COPD

A

increased

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4
Q

test for lactase deficiency

A

hydrogen breath test

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5
Q

calcium, phos levels in Paget dz

A

normal!

alk phos, urine hydroxyproline are high

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6
Q

dx of SBP

A

> 250 neutrophils in pericentesis

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7
Q

THE ONLY 2 murmurs that get LOUDER with decreased venous return

A

MVP and HCM

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8
Q

appearance of CMV esophogitis

A

deep linear ulcers in distal esophogus

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9
Q

NNT=

A

1/ARR

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10
Q

small red spots on adults

A

cherry angiomas

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11
Q

pH of pleural exudate (empyema)

A

acid (

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12
Q

dry and rough skin w/horny plates (lizard skin) slowly progressive into adulthood - worse when dry

A

ichtyosis vulgaris

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13
Q

glomerulonephritis after an infection

1st week, 10+ days

A

1st = IgA nephropathy

10 days and up = Postinfectious GN

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14
Q

ulcerative colitis w/signs of infection, sepsis

A

toxic megacolon (seen on AXR)

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15
Q

dz associated with mixed essential cryoglobulinemia

A

hep C

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16
Q

nephrotic syndrome associated with:

1) carcinoma
2) lymphoma

A

1) membranous

2) minimal change dz

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17
Q

drug to implement in AIDS with CD4 count below 50

A

azithromycin for MAC prophylaxis

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18
Q

tx for SIADH

A

demeclocycline

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19
Q

tx for central cs nephrogenic Diabetes insipidus

A 
central = desmopressin
nephrogenic = HTZ
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20
Q

management of nephrotic syndrome with kid under 10

A

steroids (likely minimal change dz)

do biopsy if older or unresponsive

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21
Q

overdose

CNS depression, hyperthermia, ileus, dry MM, dilated pupils, QRS prolongation

A

TCA overdose

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22
Q

differentiating left vs right murmurs

A

All right are increased on inspiration (increased RA return)

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23
Q

tx of cat scratch fever

A

macrolides

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24
Q

pt ate fish
wheezing, flushing, rash
dx and tx?

A

scombroid

antihistamines

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25
Q

tx of chancroid

A

azithromycin

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26
Q

tx of lymphogranuloma venereum

A

doxy

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27
Q

recurrent genital and oral ulcers
uveitis
skin lesions

A

Behcet syndrome

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28
Q

schedule for vaccinations pre AND post splenectomy

A

14 days before

14 days after

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29
Q

size concerning for solitary pulmonary nodule (PET or excision)

A

greater than .8 cm

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30
Q

cafe au lait spots
bone lesions
precocious puberty
MEN neoplasms

A

McCune-Albright Syndrome

PPP
precocious puberty
pigmentation
polyostotic fibrous dysplasia

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31
Q

Von Recklinghausen dz

A

NF1 (cafe au lait and dermatic neurofibromas)

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32
Q

raised skin nodule w/buttonhole sign (umbilication when squeezed)

A

dermatofibroma

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33
Q

prolactin stimulated by (2)

A

serotonin and TRH

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34
Q

elevated DHEA-S

A

adrenal androgen tumors only

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35
Q

risk of AIDS at
200
100
50

A

PCP
toxo
MAC

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36
Q

tx for AIDS prophlaxis of MAC

A

azithromycin

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37
Q

1sr, 2nd, 3rd line prophylaxis for PCP w/AIDS

A

TMP-SMX
dapsone
atovoquone

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38
Q

criteria for sputum culture (2)

A

less than 12 squams

more than 25 polies

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39
Q

HAP (2) vs CAP

A

HAP
no hosp w/in 90 days
hosp less than 48 hours

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40
Q

path of TTP (beside -ADAMST17)

A

hyalin clots

41
Q

tx of TTP

A

exchange transfusion

42
Q

tx of ITP (4 lines of tx)

A

steroids
IVIG
splenectomy
rituximab

43
Q

tx for early PBC

A

ursodeoxycholic acid

44
Q

tx for dermatitis herpetiformis (besides gluten-free diet)

45
Q

blood complication of mono

46
Q

most common thyroid cancer

47
Q

L/S ratio cutoff for lung maturity?

A

over 2 = mature

48
Q

tx of beta blocker overdose

49
Q

age range for screening mammographies (USPSTF)

50
Q

anasarca

A

generalized edema

51
Q

artery for STEMI of II,III,aVF

52
Q

tx for actinomyces

A

penicillin

53
Q

the only condition that increases fremitus

A

consolidation

54
Q

mobitz type I vs II heart blocks

A

wenckebach is 1

2 has randomly dropped beats

55
Q

mutation in Marfan’s

A

fibrillin-1

56
Q

test to distinguish leukemoid rxn from CML

A

LAP is REDUCED in CML

57
Q

tx for paget’s dz

A

bisphosphonates

58
Q

treatment for variceal bleeding:
prophylaxis
active bleeding

A

Beta Blockers for prophylaxis

octeotride for active bleeding

59
Q

calculate an anion gap

A

na - (Cl+HCO3)

60
Q

diarrhea
flushing
R. heart murmur

A

carcinoid syndrome (5-HT)

61
Q

effect of +pH (alkalosis) on Ca

A

more binds to albumin

(ionized (the active form) is reduced

62
Q

hepatolenticular degeneration aka

A

Wilson’s dz

63
Q

damage of methanol vs ethylene glycol

A

methanol damages eyes

ethylene glycol damages kidneys

64
Q

nephrotic syndrome in a fat black man who uses heroin, has HIV

65
Q

nephrotic syndrome in woman with SLE, breast cancer

A

membranous

66
Q

MEN1 (3)

A

pituitary
parathyroid
pancreas

67
Q

MEN2a (3)

A

medulary thyroid Ca
parathyroid
pheochromocytoma

68
Q

MEN2b (3)

A

medullary thyroid Ca
mucosal (oral)
pheo

marfan’s

69
Q

medical (rx) tx of acromegaly

A

octreotide

70
Q

concerning size for incidentiloma of adrenal

71
Q

confirmation of primary aldosterone tumor with aldo:renin ratio above 20)
Test then after visual confirmation (1 each)

A

salt suppression test

adrenal vain sampling

72
Q

inferior MI

2 drugs to NOT give

A

nitrates, diuretics

use IVF - don’t reduce preload

73
Q

tx for mucormycosis (rhizopus)

A

amphotericin

74
Q

kussmaul’s sign

A

paradoxical JVP rise on inspiration

RVF

75
Q

acute tx of symptomatic hypercalcemia (2)

A

IVF first

calcitonin (if SUPER high) or bisphosphonates (preferred)

76
Q

long term tx of hypercalcemia

A

bisphosphonates

77
Q

patient w/hypercalcemia, hyperphos. and a granulomatous dz. what test?

A

1,25 Vit D

78
Q

FiO2 range to maintain during intubation

79
Q

sequence (2) of salicylate toxicity

A

respiratory alkalosis
metabolic acidosis

near normal pH!

80
Q

approach to suspected renal cell carcinoma

A

nephrectomy

NOT bx

81
Q

Sx of retinal detachment vs central arterial occlusion

A

Curtain falling down. Permanent is retinal detachment. Coming and going is amarosis faugaux (artery occlusion)

82
Q

osteitis deformans

A

Paget’s dz of bone

83
Q

low T3

someone who is very sick

A

sick euthyroid syndrome

84
Q

AIDS drug that induces liver failure

A

neviripine

85
Q

NRTIs general side effect

A

lactic acidosis

86
Q

3 tx for thyroid storm (besides cooling)

A
  1. beta blockers
  2. PTU/methimazole
  3. IV steroids

Iodine ablation or surgical removal is for long term therapy

87
Q

risk of iodine ablation in graves

and what to do about it

A

worsening opthalmology

pre-treat w/steroids

88
Q

D-xylose test is for

ingestion then measuring in urine

A

proximal small intestine dz

like celiac

89
Q

2 further tests after dxing ITP

A

HIV, Hep C

90
Q

Association of porphyria cutanea tarda

91
Q

diastolic murmur w/opening snap

A

mitral stenosis

92
Q

initial tx of mitral stensosis

A

balloon valvuloplasty

93
Q

leg lift during auscultation effect

A

increase preload (like squatting)

94
Q

increased MCHC - 2 disorders

A

hereditary spherocytosis

sickle cell dz

95
Q

IBD person in rough shape

test and condition to consider

A

AXR

toxic megacolon

96
Q

hepatorenal syndrome

A

renal failure secondary to liver dz

97
Q

tx for hepatorenal syndrome (3)

A

pressors w/albumin (acute) OR

midodrine, octreotide, albumin

98
Q

a marble-like breast mass in a young woman that DOES NOT change with the menstrual cycle

A

fibroadenoma

99
Q

vaginal pH dx cutoff for premenopausal woman

A

4.5
greater = infection (BV or trich)
less= candidiasis or healthy

Step 2 CK (12 decks)

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