Mechanisms of pathogencity

Question 1

Pathogens

Answer 1

Microbes capable of causing host damage

When certain threshold reached = disease

Question 2

Pathogencity

Answer 2

Ability to cause diasease by overcoming defences of the host

Question 3

Virulence

Answer 3

Degree or extent of pathogencity

Question 4

Virulence factors

Answer 4

Something which enhances the pathogencity

adhesions, organelles, damage to host, toxins

Question 5

Mechanisms of pathogencity

Answer 5

Portal of entry –> Adherance –> penetration of host –> damage to host

Question 6

Portal of entry

Answer 6

Surgical procedures, cuts

Stapylococcus aerus and epidermis are normal flora of the skin and enter this way

Preferred portals

Question 7

Adherance

Answer 7

ATTACHMENT
Means of adhesins or ligands
Gram + use other structures for adhesions

Question 8

Invasion

Answer 8

Production of surface proteins called invasins or production of enzymes

Question 9

Damage to host cell

Answer 9

Direct damage

Endo and exotoxins

Question 10

Endotoxins

Answer 10

Part of outer celll and liberated when bacteria dies

Host then binds to pathogen

Question 11

Exotoxin

Answer 11

Initially outsude cell then transported into host cell

Then released to surrounding medium

Question 12

Endo toxin examples

Answer 12

DNase
Clostridium perfringens
a toxin

Question 13

Exotoxin examples

Answer 13

Diptheria 
tetnus 
Botulinum 
Vibro
Erythogenic 
Staphylococcus