Mechanisms of motivation–cognition interaction: challenges and opportunities Flashcards
- Pavlovian-instrumental transfer
Pavlovian cue can enhance instrumental responding, although cue had previously not been paired with such instrumental responses
Model-free learning:
action based on learned incentive values
Model-based learning
incentive value of an action is computed using a sequential transition model of its associated outcomes
Reward-prediction-error
is the primary signal that drives CS-UCS learning from reward outcomes encoded in the phasic activity of midbrain dopamine neurons
- Goal setting
goal gets selected motivational factors
Goal striving
particular goal, once implemented, is used to modulate ongoing behavior volitional factors
Name two key self-regulatory strategies
o Mental contrasting: allows people to explicitly consider possible conflicts when trying to reach a desired future
o Implementation intentions: “if…then…” plans (If it is Saturday afternoon and my friends invite me, then I will tell them that I will finish my writing project) allow automatized responses
Which network engagaes during attention task?
dorsal frontoparietal network
Explaine the role of networ interactions
direct communication and topological reconfiguration
Explain the role of striatum
linking motivation to cognition and action
spiraling connections between midbrain and striatum
dopamine-mediated information flow from ventromedial to dorsomedial to dorsolateral regions of the striatum
Explain the role of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC)
computing the expected value of control
- evaluative role in monitoring and adjusting levels of control
- cost-benefit analysis, weighing potential payoffs against costs
- critical hub in cost-benefit calculations, linking cognitive control with incentives
Explain the role of the lateral PFC
integrating motivation with cognitive goal representations
- convergence zone in which motivational and cognitive variables are integrated
- maximizing signal-to-noise ratio
- enhancing discriminability of visuospatial signals
- increasing amount of information transmitted by PFC neurons
General conclusion of the paper
- Motivation influences cognition in areas where it had previously been thought irrelevant, e.g. long-term memory formation
- Problem is that different subfields still tend to work in isolation, but cross-talk would be very important great opportunities and unified and comprehensive account of mechanisms of motivation-cognition interaction
