Mechanisms of Fluid Transport Flashcards
What unites the extra and intra cellular space?
phospholipid bilayer
The extracellular and intracellular communicate with each other how?
semipermeable membrane
The extracellular space is divided into what?
- intravascular spaces
2. Interstitial space
What is the intravascular space of the extracellular space filled with?
blood
What is the interstitial space of the extracellular space filled with?
fluid that contains different concentrations of proteins and ions such as potassium, sodium, chlorine, calcium, and water
The semipermeable membrane is highly permeable for what?
water
What is not highly permeable in the semipermeable membrane?
proteins and ions such as
- potassium
- chlorine
- Calcium
- Sodium
There are some things that can penetrate the membrane through what?
- Diffusion (directly)
2. help with the membranes proteins molecules
Water or polar molecular masses are able to pass through the hydrophobic bilayer by:
- Osmosis
2. Diffusion
What is the most high likely way water moves through the hydrophobic bilayer?
osmosis
Are there any helping molecules require for water to move by osmosis?
No
What does transcellular fluid include?
- peritoneal
- pericardial
- intraocular
- synovial
- cerebrospinal
What does the extracellular fluid include for fluid distribution?
- blood plasma
- interstitial fluid
- transcellular fluid
What is osmolarity?
the concentration of osmotically active particles in a give solution
What is osmosis?
the flow of water through a semipermeable membrane from a solution with low solute concentration to a solution with high solute concentration
What is osmotic pressure?
the pressure difference needed to stop the flow of solvent across a semipermeable membrane which is proportional to the solutions concentration.
What is van Hoffs law?
pi = g x C x RT
In osmotic equilibrium,, what is on the intracellular side?
potassium
What the isotonic mean in osmotic equilibrium
solutions with equal osmolarity
What is normal osmolarity?
300 mOsm/L
What is the osmolarity and water comparison for hypertonic in osmotic equilibrium?
high osmolarity, less water
What is the osmolarity and water comparison for hypotonic in osmotic equilibrium?
lower osmolarity, more water
Water flows from the (hypotonic, hypertonic) solution to the (hypotonic, hypertonic) solution.
hypotonic; hypertonic
If water is drawn out of the cell, what kind of environment is that in (hypotonic, hypertonic, isotonic)?
hypertonic
What happens in a hypertonic environment?
osmotic pressure is exerted on the cell, water leaves the intracellular space and the cells shrink
Does hypertonic mean there is a higher solute concentration outside or inside the cell?
outside the cell
In a hypotonic environment the extracellular osmolarity (increases, decreases) and the osmotic pressure on the intracellular fluid (increases, decreases).
decreases; decreases
In a hypotonic environment, the concentration of the extracellular fluid (increases, decreases)
increases
What happens in a hypotonic environment?
water moves into the cell, concentration of extracellular fluid increase, and the cells swell
In a hypotonic solution, does that mean there is higher solute concentration inside or outside the cell?
inside
In what type of diffusion are aquaporins used?
passive/facilitated diffusion
What are the proteins that act as channels in the passage of water called?
aquaporins
How many types of human aquaporins are there?
11
