Mechanisms of Fluid Transport

Question 1

What unites the extra and intra cellular space?

Answer 1

phospholipid bilayer

Question 2

The extracellular and intracellular communicate with each other how?

Answer 2

semipermeable membrane

Question 3

The extracellular space is divided into what?

Answer 3

1. intravascular spaces

2. Interstitial space

Question 4

What is the intravascular space of the extracellular space filled with?

Answer 4

blood

Question 5

What is the interstitial space of the extracellular space filled with?

Answer 5

fluid that contains different concentrations of proteins and ions such as potassium, sodium, chlorine, calcium, and water

Question 6

The semipermeable membrane is highly permeable for what?

Answer 6

water

Question 7

What is not highly permeable in the semipermeable membrane?

Answer 7

proteins and ions such as

1. potassium
2. chlorine
3. Calcium
4. Sodium

Question 8

There are some things that can penetrate the membrane through what?

Answer 8

1. Diffusion (directly)

2. help with the membranes proteins molecules

Question 9

Water or polar molecular masses are able to pass through the hydrophobic bilayer by:

Answer 9

1. Osmosis

2. Diffusion

Question 10

What is the most high likely way water moves through the hydrophobic bilayer?

Answer 10

osmosis

Question 11

Are there any helping molecules require for water to move by osmosis?

Answer 11

No

Question 12

What does transcellular fluid include?

Answer 12

1. peritoneal
2. pericardial
3. intraocular
4. synovial
5. cerebrospinal

Question 13

What does the extracellular fluid include for fluid distribution?

Answer 13

1. blood plasma
2. interstitial fluid
3. transcellular fluid

Question 14

What is osmolarity?

Answer 14

the concentration of osmotically active particles in a give solution

Question 15

What is osmosis?

Answer 15

the flow of water through a semipermeable membrane from a solution with low solute concentration to a solution with high solute concentration

Question 16

What is osmotic pressure?

Answer 16

the pressure difference needed to stop the flow of solvent across a semipermeable membrane which is proportional to the solutions concentration.

Question 17

What is van Hoffs law?

Answer 17

pi = g x C x RT

Question 18

In osmotic equilibrium,, what is on the intracellular side?

Answer 18

potassium

Question 19

What the isotonic mean in osmotic equilibrium

Answer 19

solutions with equal osmolarity

Question 20

What is normal osmolarity?

Answer 20

300 mOsm/L

Question 21

What is the osmolarity and water comparison for hypertonic in osmotic equilibrium?

Answer 21

high osmolarity, less water

Question 22

What is the osmolarity and water comparison for hypotonic in osmotic equilibrium?

Answer 22

lower osmolarity, more water

Question 23

Water flows from the (hypotonic, hypertonic) solution to the (hypotonic, hypertonic) solution.

Answer 23

hypotonic; hypertonic

Question 24

If water is drawn out of the cell, what kind of environment is that in (hypotonic, hypertonic, isotonic)?

Answer 24

hypertonic

Question 25

What happens in a hypertonic environment?

Answer 25

osmotic pressure is exerted on the cell, water leaves the intracellular space and the cells shrink

Question 26

Does hypertonic mean there is a higher solute concentration outside or inside the cell?

Answer 26

outside the cell

Question 27

In a hypotonic environment the extracellular osmolarity (increases, decreases) and the osmotic pressure on the intracellular fluid (increases, decreases).

Answer 27

decreases; decreases

Question 28

In a hypotonic environment, the concentration of the extracellular fluid (increases, decreases)

Answer 28

increases

Question 29

What happens in a hypotonic environment?

Answer 29

water moves into the cell, concentration of extracellular fluid increase, and the cells swell

Question 30

In a hypotonic solution, does that mean there is higher solute concentration inside or outside the cell?

Answer 30

inside

Question 31

In what type of diffusion are aquaporins used?

Answer 31

passive/facilitated diffusion

Question 32

What are the proteins that act as channels in the passage of water called?

Answer 32

aquaporins

Question 33

How many types of human aquaporins are there?

Answer 33

11