Mechanisms of Disease Flashcards
What is atherosclerosis?
Arterial walls lose elasticity, become thickened and rigid
Atherosclerosis occurs most at:
origin and bifurcations
Factors that affect capillary flow deficit:
severity of obstruction, location, and ability of body to compensate
When is mild obstruction evident?
When exercising
Ability of vascular beds to maintain constant level of bloow flow
autoregulation
Rise in pressure causes vessels to _____; Fall in pressure causes vessels to ____.
constrict; dilate
What happens when perfusion pressure drops below a critical level?
Autoregulation cannot occur
Factors contributing to arterial disease? Most prevalent?
diabetes, HTN, high cholesterol, smoking, age; Diabetes
What happens to arties with end-stage renal disease?
become calcified and non -compressible
Smoking causes higher likelihood of:
aorto-iliac inflow dz and Buerger’s disease.
What do arterial dz ulcerations look like?
deep and regular shape
Characteristics of arterial ulceration:
occurs at tibial area, toes, and bony proimences, pain is severe, deep and regular shape, little bleeding, and causes shiny skin hair loss and thickenned toenails
What is claudication?
Lack of perfusion causing pain during movement
Claudication disease process is usually:
proximal to pain
Ischemic pain occurs when ____; What happens to ABI?
resting; pressures very abnormal, ABI less than .3
