Mechanisms! Flashcards
Incomplete combustion : Conditions
Limited oxygen
Hydrogenation : Reagent
Hydrogen
Hydrogenation : Conditions
Finely divided nickel catalyst
Free radical substitution : General equation
Alkene + X2 → Haloalkane
What is the process called that turns alkenes to haloalkanes?
Electrophilic addition
Electrophilic addition: General equation?
Alkene + Halogen → Haloalkane
Electrophilic addition : Conditions
Room Temp
What is the process called hat turns alcohols into alkenes?
Dehydration
Dehydration: General equation
Alcohol → Alkene +H2O
Dehydration: Reagent
Conc. H2SO4 or conc. H3P04
Electrophilic addition: General equation?
Alkene + Halogen → Haloalkane
Dehydration: General equation
Alcohol → Alkene + H2O
Dehydration: Reagent
Conc. H2SO4 or conc. H3P04
Dehydration : Conditions
Reflux (180 degrees C)
What is the process called that turns glucose into alcohol?
Fermentation
Fermentation : Reagent
Glucose (from the hydrolysis of starch)
Fermentation : Conditions
Yeast, warm but no higher than 37 degrees C
What is the process called that turns primary alcohols into aldehydes?
Oxidation of a primary alcohol under distillation
Primary alcohol under distillation : products?
Aldehyde and water
What is the process called that turns primary alcohols into carboxylic acids?
Oxidation of a primary alcohol under reflux
What is the process called that turns secondary alcohols into ketones?
Oxidation of a secondary alcohol
What is the process called that turns haloalkanes into alcohols?
Nucleophilic substitution
Nucleophilic substitution: Reagent
Aqueous sodium hydroxide [NaOH(aq)}
Nucleophilic substitution : Conditions
Reflux (heat) in aq solution
Nucleophilic substitution : Product
Alcohol +NaX
Nucleophilic substitution : Product
Alcohol + NaX
