Mechanism Of Action

Question 1

Adenosine

Answer 1

Class 5 antidysrhythmic.

Transiently blocks conduction through the AV node

Question 2

Amiodarone

Answer 2

Class 1,2,3,4 antidysrhythmic
Prolongation of the action potential duration and refractory period by blocking sodium and potassium channels and delaying repolarization.

Question 3

Aspirin

Answer 3

Inhibits the formation of thromboxane A2, inhibiting the formation of new clots.

Question 4

Atropine Solfate

Answer 4

A muscarinic-cholinergic blocking agent that increases heart rate and AV node conduction, decreases GI motility, urinary retention, pupillary dilation, decreased sweat, tear, and saliva production.

Question 5

Calcium

Answer 5

Increases cardiac contractile state (inotropic). May enhance ventricular automaticity.

Question 6

Epinephrine

Answer 6

Catecholamine alpha, beta-1, and beta-2 adrenergic receptor agonist. Causes increase heart rate, myocardial contractility/oxygen demand peripheral vasoconstriction and bronchodilation.

Question 7

Magnesium Sulfate

Answer 7

Reduces acetylcholine release at the myoneural junction, stabilizes potassium pumps. Shortens QT intervals due to drug toxicity/electrolyte imbalance. Bronchodilator.

Question 8

Nitroglycerin

Answer 8

Peripheral venodilator decreasing cardiac preload, afterload and myocardial oxygen demand.

Question 9

Sodium Bicarbonate

Answer 9

Buffers metabolic acidosis and lactic acid.

Question 10

Albuterol Sulfate

Answer 10

Selective B2 adrenergic receptor agonist, causing bronchodilation and positive chronotropic effect.

Question 11

Odansetron

Answer 11

Selective 5-HT3 antagonist antiemetic.

Question 12

Promethazine

Answer 12

Non-selective H-1 type histamine antagonist with anticholinergic properties causing an antiemetic and sedation effect.

Question 13

Metoclopramide

Answer 13

Dopamine antagonist, that blocks CNS vomiting chemoreceptor trigger zone.

Question 14

Lorazepam(Ativan)

Answer 14

Increases GABA activity which causes sedation, anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, amnestic and muscle relaxant properties.

Question 15

Diazepam(Valium)

Answer 15

Increases GABA activity which causes sedation, anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, amnestic and muscle relaxant properties.

Question 16

Midazolam(Versed)

Answer 16

Increases GABA activity which causes sedation, anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, amnestic and muscle relaxant properties.

Question 17

Diphenhydramine

Answer 17

H1 receptor agonist. It blocks the effect of histamine and in turn blocks its release. It has vasoconstriction effects, anticholinergic, antiemetic and also sedative side effects

Question 18

Droperidol(Inapsine)

Answer 18

A dopaminergic blockage, mild alpha-adrenergic blockage, and causes peripheral vasodilation. Causing sedation, tranquilization, and antiemetic effects.

Question 19

Haloperidol(Haldol)

Answer 19

Blocks postsynaptic dopamine (D2) receptors in the mesolimbic system of the brain, eliminating dopamine neurotransmission Antagonistic activity mediated through D2 dopamine receptors in the chemoreceptive trigger zone (CTZ) accounts for its antiemetic activity.

Question 20

Methylprednisolone(Solu-medrol)

Answer 20

Dampens the inflammatory cytokine cascade, inhibiting the activation of T cells, decreasing the extravasation of immune cells into the central nervous system

Question 21

Fentanyl

Answer 21

Interacts with mu-receptor but also binds to kappa and delta-type opioid receptors increasing pain tolerance.

Question 22

Morphine

Answer 22

Interacts with the opioid mu-receptor but also binds to kappa and delta-type opioid receptors increasing pain tolerance.