Mechanics & Materials Flashcards
State Hooke’s Law
The applied force is proportional to the extension up to the limit of proportionality
How could you make a clamp stand (in any experiment) more stable?
Place a mass on its base to provide a counter-balancing turning force
Define elastic limit
The maximum amount that a material can be stretched and still return to its original length
Define young modulus
Ratio of tensile stress to tensile strain
What two measurements are needed prior to an experiment for calculating young modulus?
Length and diameter of wire
Define tensile stress
Force per unit cross sectional area
Define tensile strain
Extension per unit length
What occurs in ductile wires when stretched beyond elastic limit?
Plastic deformation
How would you find the elastic energy stored in a wire using a graph?
Area under force vs extension curve
How would you find the work done per unit volume of a wire up to a certain strain?
Area under stress vs strain curve (up to given strain)
What is an elastic collision?
Collision between two bodies in which total kinetic energy before collision equals total kinetic energy after the collision
What quantities are conserved in an inelastic collision?
Mass, momentum, total energy
Give two units of momentum
Kg metres per second, Newton seconds
How could you reduce the force of an impact without altering velocity, mass or acceleration?
Increase impact time
Define potential divider
Combination of resistors in series connected across a voltage source to produce a required pd
