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Maths A Level > Mechanics Chapter 8 > Flashcards

Mechanics Chapter 8 Flashcards

1
Q

Modelling Assumptions:

Particle (2)

A

Mass of the object is concentrated at a single point

Rotational forces and air resistance can be ignored

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2
Q

Modelling Assumptions:

Rod (3)

A

Mass is concentrated along a line
No thickness
Rigid - does not bend or buckle

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3
Q

Modelling Assumptions:

Lamina (1)

A

Mass is distributed across a flat surface

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4
Q 
Modelling Assumptions:
Uniform Body (1)
A

Mass of the object is concentrated at a single point at the geometrical centre of the body - the centre of mass

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5
Q 
Modelling Assumptions:
Light Object (2)
A

Treat object as having zero mass

Tension the same at both ends of a light string

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6
Q 
Modelling Assumptions:
Inextensible string (1)
A

Acceleration is the same in objects connected by a taut inextensible string

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7
Q 
Modelling Assumptions:
Smooth Surface (1)
A

There is no friction between the surface and any object on it

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8
Q 
Modelling Assumptions:
Rough Surface (1)
A

Objects in contact with the surface experience a frictional force if they are moving or are acted on by a force

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9
Q

Modelling Assumptions:

Wire (1)

A

Treated as one-dimensional

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10
Q

Modelling Assumptions:

Smooth and Light Pulley (2)

A

Pulley has no mass

Tension is the same on either side of the pulley

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11
Q

Modelling Assumptions:

Bead (2)

A

Moves freely along a wire or string

Tension is the same on either side of the bead

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12
Q

Modelling Assumptions:

Peg (2)

A

Dimensionless and fixed

Can be rough or smooth as specified in question

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13
Q 
Modelling Assumptions:
Air Resistance (1)
A

Usually modelled as being negligible

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14
Q

Modelling Assumptions:

Gravity (3)

A

Assume that all objects with mass are attracted towards the Earth
Earth’s gravity is uniform and acts vertically downwards
‘g’ is constant and is taken as 9.8 ms^-2 unless otherwise stated in the question

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15
Q

What is a particle?

A

An object with negligible dimensions

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16
Q

What is a rod?

A

A pole or beam where all dimensions but one are negligible

17
Q

What is a lamina?

A

An object with area but negligible thickness, like a sheet of paper

18
Q

What is a uniform body?

A

An object where mass is distributed evenly

19
Q

What is a light object?

A

An object with mass that is small compared to other masses, like a string or pulley

20
Q

What is an inextensible string?

A

A string that does not stretch under load

21
Q

What is a rough surface?

A

A surface that is not smooth

22
Q

What is a wire?

A

A rigid, thin length of metal

23
Q

What is a bead?

A

A particle with a hole in it for threading on a wire or string

24
Q

What is a peg?

A

A support from which a body can be suspended or rested

25
Q

What is air resistance?

A

Resistance experienced as an object moves through the air

26
Q

What is gravity?

A

The force of attraction between all objects

27
Q

What is weight?

A

The gravitational force that acts vertically downwards

28
Q

What is normal reaction?

A

A force that acts perpendicular to the surface an object is in contact with

29
Q

What is friction?

A

A force that opposes the motion between two rough surfaces

30
Q

What is tension?

A

A force acting on an object if a string is pulling it

31
Q

What is thrust/compression?

A

The force of an object being pushed (e.g. by a light rod)

32
Q

What is buoyancy?

A

The upward force on an object allowing it to float or rise when submerged

33
Q

What is i?

A

The horizontal component of a vector

34
Q

What is j?

A

The vertical component of a vector

35
Q

What are all vectors made up of? (2)

A 
Horizontal component (multiple of i)
Vertical component (multiple of j)
36
Q

How is the magnitude of a vector calculated?

A

Pythagoras’ theorem using the components of a vector

37
Q

What do parallel vectors have in common?

A

They are multiples of each other

Maths A Level (10 decks)

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