Mechanics Flashcards

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1
Q

force definition

A

a push or pull on an object that attempts to change its motion, shape, or size

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2
Q

types of forces (4)

A

physically pushing or pulling an objects
magnets pushing or pulling
electric charges pushing and pulling
gravitational forces pulling objects together

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3
Q

inertia meaning

A

the property of an object to resist a change in motion from a force

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4
Q

what is inertia of an object related to?

A

its mass

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5
Q

S.I unit of forces

A

Newtons, N

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6
Q

examples of forces acting on a car

A

weight
friction
air resistance
reaction force
drive force

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7
Q

what is the resultant force

A

the sum of all the forces going in the same direction

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8
Q

weight formula

A

weight = mass x gravity

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9
Q

what is drag force and what happens to it when speed increases

A

drag force is an opposing force on objects moving through fluids
as speed increases the drag force also increases

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10
Q

force equation (related to mass and acceleration)

A

force = mass x acceleration

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11
Q

terminal velocity definition

A

the constant velocity of a falling object when the force of air resistance is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the force of gravity

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12
Q

equilibrium meaning

A

when there is zero total force applied to an object

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13
Q

moment of a force description

A

the rotational effect (turning effect) brought on a body due to application of forces

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14
Q

moment of a force definition

A

the product of the force and perpendicular distance from the pivot to the line of action of the force

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15
Q

moment of a force S.I. unit

A

Nm or Neuton metre
for anti-clockwise, use +Nm
for clockwise, use -Nm

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16
Q

moment formula

A

moment = force x perpendicular distance

17
Q

principle of moments definition

A

it states that if a body is not to rotate, the net clockwise moment must equal the net anti-clockwise moment

18
Q

spring constant equation

A

gradient = extension/force
spring constant = force/extension
spring constant (K) = 1/gradient

19
Q

centre of gravity definition

A

it is the point on a body where the whole of the weight of the object is assumed to be acting

20
Q

what is one thing the position of centre of gravity has an effect on

A

the stability of objects

21
Q

elastic definition

A

materials that can spring back to their original shape after you bend them

22
Q

3 states of equilibrium

A

stable equilibrium
unstable equilibrium
neutral equilibrium

23
Q

plastic definition

A

materials that keep their new shape after you stretch or bend them

24
Q

load meaning

A

the force applied to a spring

25
Q

extension definition

A

the difference between a spring’s stretched and unstretched lengths

26
Q

elastic limit definition

A

when a spring does not return to its original length or when it is left permanently stretched or deformed

27
Q

limit of proportionality meaning

A

the point where the extension is no longer proportional to the load

28
Q

what is Hooke’s Law

A

a material obeys Hooke’s law if, beneath its elastic limit, the extension is proportional to the load