Mechanics Flashcards

1
Q

force definition

A

a push or pull on an object that attempts to change its motion, shape, or size

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2
Q

types of forces (4)

A

physically pushing or pulling an objects
magnets pushing or pulling
electric charges pushing and pulling
gravitational forces pulling objects together

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3
Q

inertia meaning

A

the property of an object to resist a change in motion from a force

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4
Q

what is inertia of an object related to?

A

its mass

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5
Q

S.I unit of forces

A

Newtons, N

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6
Q

examples of forces acting on a car

A

weight
friction
air resistance
reaction force
drive force

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7
Q

what is the resultant force

A

the sum of all the forces going in the same direction

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8
Q

weight formula

A

weight = mass x gravity

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9
Q

what is drag force and what happens to it when speed increases

A

drag force is an opposing force on objects moving through fluids
as speed increases the drag force also increases

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10
Q

force equation (related to mass and acceleration)

A

force = mass x acceleration

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11
Q

terminal velocity definition

A

the constant velocity of a falling object when the force of air resistance is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the force of gravity

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12
Q

equilibrium meaning

A

when there is zero total force applied to an object

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13
Q

moment of a force description

A

the rotational effect (turning effect) brought on a body due to application of forces

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14
Q

moment of a force definition

A

the product of the force and perpendicular distance from the pivot to the line of action of the force

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15
Q

moment of a force S.I. unit

A

Nm or Neuton metre
for anti-clockwise, use +Nm
for clockwise, use -Nm

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16
Q

moment formula

A

moment = force x perpendicular distance

17
Q

principle of moments definition

A

it states that if a body is not to rotate, the net clockwise moment must equal the net anti-clockwise moment

18
Q

spring constant equation

A

gradient = extension/force
spring constant = force/extension
spring constant (K) = 1/gradient

19
Q

centre of gravity definition

A

it is the point on a body where the whole of the weight of the object is assumed to be acting

20
Q

what is one thing the position of centre of gravity has an effect on

A

the stability of objects

21
Q

elastic definition

A

materials that can spring back to their original shape after you bend them

22
Q

3 states of equilibrium

A

stable equilibrium
unstable equilibrium
neutral equilibrium

23
Q

plastic definition

A

materials that keep their new shape after you stretch or bend them

24
Q

load meaning

A

the force applied to a spring

25
extension definition
the difference between a spring's stretched and unstretched lengths
26
elastic limit definition
when a spring does not return to its original length or when it is left permanently stretched or deformed
27
limit of proportionality meaning
the point where the extension is no longer proportional to the load
28
what is Hooke's Law
a material obeys Hooke's law if, beneath its elastic limit, the extension is proportional to the load