Mechanical Agents and Massage

Question 1

Mechanical spinal traction - intermittent traction

Answer 1

a distraction force applied to the spine to separate articular surfaces between vertebral bodies and elongate spinal structures

Question 2

Mechanical spinal traction - intermittent traction - effects

Answer 2

Joint distraction
Reduction of disc protrusion
Soft tissue stretching
Muscle relaxation
Joint mobilization

Question 3

Mechanical spinal traction - intermittent traction - joint distraction - what needed at lumbar to get separation? cervical?

Answer 3

50% body weight

7% cervical

Question 4

Mechanical spinal traction - intermittent traction - contraindications

Answer 4

Acute strains/sprains/inflammation
Spondylolisthesis
Fractures
Post op 
Spinal joint instability or hyermobility 
Hypertensin
Spinal cord compression 
Increase peripherilization of n/t

Question 5

Intermittent mechanical compression

Answer 5

pneumatic device that applies external pressure to an extremity through an inflatable appliance

Question 6

Intermittent mechanical comrpession - indications

Answer 6

amputation
dec chronc edema
lymphedema 
stasis ulcer
venous insuf

Question 7

Intermittent mechanical compression - contraindication

Answer 7

acute inflammation
trauma
fracture
DVT and thrombophlebities 
arterial disease
acute pulm edema 
cancer

Question 8

Continuous passive motion

Answer 8

uninterrupted passive motion of the joint through a controlled ROM
mechanical device provides continuous movement for extended periods of time

Question 9

Tilt table

Answer 9

Mechanical or electrical table designed to elevate patient from horizontal to vertical position in a controlled, incremental manner

Question 10

Massage

Answer 10

Mechanical manipulation of soft tissue by the hands

Question 11

Massage - stroking

Answer 11

effleurage
gliding movements of hands over surface of skin
superficial stroking - light contact
deep stroking - heavy pressure

Question 12

Massage - kneading

Answer 12

petrissage

grasping and lifting of tissues

Question 13

Massage - friction

Answer 13

comrpession of tissue using small circular or long stroking movements - usually with the palmar surface of hand or fingers
pressure can be light or heavy

Question 14

Massage - tapping

Answer 14

Tapotement
rapid striking with palmar surface of hand or fingers, cupped hand (clapping, percussion) or ulnar edge of hand and fingers (hacking) in an alternating manner

Question 15

Massage - vibration

Answer 15

shaking of tissue using short, rapid quivering motion with hands in contact with body part