Mechanical

Question 1

The only type of pulleys that provide mechanical advantage

Answer 1

Moveable pulleys

Question 2

Formula for gear revolutions

Answer 2

r x d = R x D

r = revolutions

d = # of teeth

r/d = Gear A

R/D = Gear B

Question 3

Hydrometers use ______ to measure ________.

Answer 3

Hydrometers use floats to measure specific gravity.

Question 4

Specific gravity

Answer 4

Specific gravity is the ratio of the density of a substance to the density of a reference substance.

Question 5

In a hydrometer, the liquid with the ________ _________ ________ will cause the float to rise higher in the glass tube.

Answer 5

In a hydrometer, the liquid with the highest specific gravity will cause the float to rise higher in the glass tube.

Question 6

First-class lever

Answer 6

Fulcrum is in the middle

E.g. scissors, pliers

Question 7

Second class lever

Answer 7

Fulcrum is at one end, load is in middle

E.g. nutcracker, wheelbarrow

Question 8

Third class lever

Answer 8

Fulcrum is at one end, effort is in between

E.g. tongs, tweezers

Question 9

When spinning together, which pulley spins faster, the small or large one?

Answer 9

The small one – it has to keep up

Question 10

Formula for mechanical advantage in pistons

Answer 10

(Smaller displacement)/(Larger displacement) = MA

a1 x d1 = a2 x d2

a = area

d = displacement

Question 11

An axe is, in mechanical terms:

Answer 11

A wedge, i.e. an inclined plane.

Question 12

Voltimeter

Answer 12

Tells the total voltage in a circuit.

Question 13

Is a burnt-out light bulb a circuit?

Answer 13

No, but a voltimeter can bypass it if connected to both ends.

Question 14

In an electrical series, current and voltage do what?

Answer 14

Current stays constant, voltage does not.

Question 15

In an electrical parallel

Answer 15

Current changes; voltage does not.

Question 16

Formula for voltage

Answer 16

V = I x R

Voltage = (current) x (resistance)

Question 17

A series has greater resistane because its current must pass through _______.

Answer 17

resistors

Question 18

In a 2-pulley system, the movable pulley will only move up _________ the distance and spin ________ as much as the fixed pulley.

Answer 18

In a 2-pulley system, the movable pulley will only move up half the distance and spin half as much as the fixed pulley.

Question 19

To find RPM of wheel with rods:

Answer 19

Take the needed contacts per minute and divide that by the # of rods on the wheel.

E.g. need 120 contacts per minute, have 10 rods =

120/10 =

12 RPM

Question 20

The closer to the center of a driver wheel that an adjacent wheel is present, the _______ it will move.

Answer 20

The closer to the center of a driver wheel that an adjacent wheel is present, the **faster **it will move.

Question 21

The deeper you go underwater with an inflated ball, the more _______ it becomes.

Answer 21

The deeper you go underwater with an inflated ball, the more **buoyant **it becomes.

Question 22

Rate of heat exchange is ______ through objects of greater temperature difference.

Answer 22

Rate of heat exchange is **faster **through objects of greater temperature difference.

Question 23

If you place an object evenly on 2 scales, each scale will read _______ of the total weight.

Answer 23

If you place an object evenly on 2 scales, each scale will read **half **of the total weight.

Question 24

The 4 strokes of a 4-stroke engine:

Answer 24

Intake

Compression

Combustion

Exhaust

Question 25

Formula for mechanical advantage in wheel and axle:

Answer 25

MA = (radius of wheel) / (radius of axle)

Question 26

Formula for pressure:

Answer 26

Pressure = force x area

Question 27

Formula for momentum

Answer 27

Momentum = force x distance

Question 28

Potential energy

Answer 28

Energy stored in an object

Question 29

Formula for electrical current

Answer 29

I = Q / T

Current (I) = Charge (Q) / Time (T)

Question 30

Ammeter

Answer 30

Measures current flow in a circuit

Question 31

Voltmeter

Answer 31

Measures voltage

Question 32

Multimeter

Answer 32

Measure both current and voltage

Question 33

Unit for charge

Answer 33

Q

coulomb

Question 34

Formula for power

Answer 34

Power = volts x amperes

Question 35

Newton’s First Law

Answer 35

Objects in motion tend to stay in motion; objects at rest tend to stay at rest.

Question 36

Newton’s Second Law

Answer 36

Force = (mass) x (acceleration)

Question 37

Newton’s Third Law

Answer 37

For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

Question 38

Formula for weight

Answer 38

Weight = mass x gravity

Question 39

Convection (of heat)

Answer 39

Occurs in liquids and gases by **circulating currents **caused by difference in density.

Question 40

Conduction (of heat)

Answer 40

occurs in solids and in stationary fluids;

temperature difference between objects effects rate.

Question 41

What does placing salt in water do to the water’s specific gravity and freezing point?

Answer 41

It increases the specific gravity and lowers the freezing point.

Question 42

Heat moves

Answer 42

always from hot object to cold object

Question 43

Compressing air in a closed place does what to volume and temperature?

Answer 43

decreases volume and raises temperature

Question 44

Alphabet for current

Answer 44

I

Question 45

Alphabet for charge

Answer 45

q

Question 46

Ampere (amp)

Answer 46

Electric current (I)

Question 47

Ohm

Answer 47

Resistance (R)

Question 48

Watt

Answer 48

Electric power (P)

Question 49

Coulomb

Answer 49

Electric charge (Q)

Question 50

Joule

Answer 50

Energy (E)

Question 51

Hertz

Answer 51

Frequency (f)

Question 52

Apparent specific gravity

Answer 52

the ratio of the weight of a volume of the substance to the weight of an equal volume of the reference substance