Meat

Question 1

Define Offal

Answer 1

The edible internal organs of birds or animals

Question 2

Identify 3 types of offal

Answer 2

• heart
• liver
• kidneys
• sweetbreads
• tail
• tripe
• tongue

Question 3

why are marinades use in food preparation?

Answer 3

• Marinades are used to make meat more tender – it makes the meat hold more water and turns collagen into gelatine.
• Acids help to break down connective tissue.
• Adds flavour – imparts flavour into flesh from ingredients used.
• Adds colour to some products e.g. turmeric/paprika

Question 4

Meat is considered to be a ‘high risk’ food. Give advice on the storage and preparation of raw meat.

Answer 4

• Meat should be stored at the bottom of the fridge in a container away from other foods to prevent cross-contamination.
• Meat should be kept at a temperature of between 0-5°C (fridge)
• Use before use by date (or frozen).
• If meat is being thawed from frozen, always defrost in the fridge.
• Meat should never be washed due to risk of spreading of campylobacter.
• Meat should be prepared on a red chopping board (and knife).
• Hands should always be washed before and after touching raw meat.
• If meat is removed from the fridge, it must not be out longer than 2 hours.
• Surfaces and equipment should be cleaned and sanitised after using raw meat.

Question 5

Identify three ingredients that could be used to prepare marinades.

Answer 5

•Herbs (or named herbs)
•Spices (or named spice)
•Marinades
•Citrus juices
•Tomatoes
•Wine
•Vinegar
•Yogurt
1 mark for each correct one identified, up to a maximum of 3.

Question 6

Define Poultry

Answer 6

•Domestic fowl (birds) reared for their meat.

Question 7

Identify three types of poultry that is consumed in the UK

Answer 7

• Duck
• Quail
• Chicken
• Turkey
• Guinea Fowl
• Goose
• Poussin
• Pigeon
• Pheasant
• Ostrich

Question 8

Define marbling in meat?

Answer 8

•Marbling is the invisible fat in the muscle tissue of meat. It keeps the meat moist during cooking.

Question 9

Identify three dry heat cooking methods used for cooking meat

Answer 9

• Roasting
• Grilling
• Char-grilling
• Barbeque
• Spit roasting

Question 10

Identify three moist heat cooking methods used for cooking meat

Answer 10

• Poaching
• Stewing
• Braising
• Pressure cooking
• Steaming
• Sous vide
• Pot roasting

Question 11

what type of offal would be used in pie?

Answer 11

kidney

Question 12

what type of offal would be used in patè?

Answer 12

liver

Question 13

what type of offal would be used in soup?

Answer 13

tail

Question 14

what colour chopping board should be used for raw meat

Answer 14

red

Question 15

what colour chopping board should be used for cooked meat?

Answer 15

yellow

Question 16

where does hogget come from?

Answer 16

sheep

Question 17

where does venison come from?

Answer 17

deer

Question 18

where does veal come from?

Answer 18

cow

Question 19

what factors should chefs consider when buying meat?

Answer 19

• Buy from reputable seller
• Check packaging not damaged or opened
• Check use by date!
• Offal should smell fresh without a strong odour.
• Check that the meat has been refrigerated
• For quality – check colour of fat – should be white, not yellow
• Marbling?
• Meat should be dry, not slimy
• Red meat should be dark in colour

Question 20

why is meat cooked?

Answer 20

• kill bacteria

* improve texture, colour, appearance, flavour