Measurement Principles And Nature Of Hearing

Question 1

Name the four scales of measurement?

Answer 1

1. Nominal scale
2. Ordinal scale
3. Interval scale
4. Ratio scale

Question 2

Describe the nominal scale

Answer 2

Categorized into groups
Ex. Female and male, age groups, etc

Question 3

Describe the original scale

Answer 3

Used to describe with medians and percents, such as prices

Question 4

Describe the interval scale

Answer 4

Spacing between categories and can be described with means and SD such as hours

Question 5

Describe the ratio scale

Answer 5

All characteristics of interval, such as math calculations

Question 6

Name 3 classical measurement methods

Answer 6

1. Method of limits
2. Method of adjustment
3. Method of constant stimuli

Question 7

What is the term that describes a science that deals with the perception of sound?

Answer 7

Psychoacoustics

Question 8

dB SPL is a function of ______.

Answer 8

Frequency

Question 9

Human hearing can range from 20 - 20 000 Hz, but is most sensible at which frequencies and why?

Answer 9

2000 - 5000 Hz, because of speech

Question 10

What is the difference between Minimal audible pressure (MAP) and Minimal audible field (MAF)?

Answer 10

1. MAP: based on one ear using earphones
2. MAF: based on two ears using speakers

Question 11

What is the Just noticeable difference (JND)?

Answer 11

Smallest perceptible difference between two sounds

Question 12

What is Phon?

Answer 12

Unit of loudness

Question 13

The Fletcher-Munson curve is also known as the?

Answer 13

Phon curve

Question 14

Low frequencies provide the ____ and high frequency sounds provide ____.

Answer 14

Volume, clarity

Question 15

At 1000 Hz, 40 dB SPL is how many phons?

Answer 15

40

Question 16

What is the critical band?

Answer 16

The perceptual CHANGE of loudness

Question 17

If we increase in 10 dB or 10 phons, this results in the doubling of loudness which is equivalent to how many sones?

Answer 17

1-2

Question 18

When does the critical band become broader?

Answer 18

When the center frequency gets higher above 1kHz

Question 19

What is pitch?

Answer 19

The highness or lowness of a tone.

Question 20

What is the precedence effect?

Answer 20

Sounds reflected back are echos such as rooms (reverberation)

Question 21

What does localization involve?

Answer 21

1. Interaural intensity differences = high frequency sounds
2. Interaural time differences = low frequency sounds

Question 22

What is binaural fusion?

Answer 22

A cognitive process that involves the combination of different auditory information presented binaurally, or to each ear

Question 23

How do we benefit from binaural hearing? List 3 things.

Answer 23

1. Localizing sounds.
2. Binaural integration/summation
3. Better SNR

Question 24

Name 3 components of sound.

Answer 24

1. Force
2. Médium
3. Vibration