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EBCI > measurement principles > Flashcards

measurement principles Flashcards

1
Q

definition: the process of value assignment

A

measurement

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2
Q

definition: characteristics of indiv., objects, or environmental conditions that may have one or more values

A

variables

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3
Q

definition: the value that is purposefully manipulated by researchers in a research study to produce a change in outcome (x axis)

A

independent variable

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4
Q

(true/false) intervention studies can only have one independent variable

A

FALSE (they can have multiple)

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5
Q

definition: the outcome of interest in a study (Y axis)

A

dependent variable

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6
Q

definition: a factor other than the independent variable which may influence or confound the dependent variable

Ex: multiple investigators, subjects, new equipment, environment

A

extraneous variables

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7
Q

definition: a variable that can only be measured in separate units and that cannot be measured in intervals of less than one

A

discrete

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8
Q

definition: when only two values are possible

A

dichotomous

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9
Q

definition: a quantitative variable that can theoretically take on values along a continuum

A

continuous

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10
Q

What are the four levels of management?

A

nominal, ordinal, interval, ratio

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11
Q

Give an example(s) of nominal measurements.

A

sex, nationality, blood type

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12
Q

Give an example(s) of an ordinal measurement.

A

MMT, pain

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13
Q

Give an example(s) of an interval measurement.

A

calendar years, IQ, centigrade

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14
Q

Give an example(s) of a ratio measurement.

A

distance, age, time, weight

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15
Q

definition: interpretation of a score based on its value relative to a standard or “normal” value

A

norm-referenced

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16
Q

definition: interpretation of a score based on its actual value

A

criterion-referenced

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17
Q

definition: the difference between the true value and the observed value

A

measurement error

18
Q

definition: predictable errors of measurement

A

systematic error

19
Q

definition: error due to change and is unpredictable

A

random error

20
Q

definition: the degree to which test scores are free from errors of measurement; the amount of variability in a measure

A

reliability

21
Q

definition: measures the consistency of measurement values between different individual raters

A

inter-rater reliability

22
Q

definition: measures the consistency of measurement values of one individual

A

intra-rater reliability

23
Q

definition: the ability of a measurement to capture what it was intended to capture

A

validity

24
Q

definition: is it appropriate to measure the variable using the selected instrument?

A

face validity

25
Q

definition: all relevant components of a variable are measured by the instrument

A

content validity

26
Q

definition: the ability of a measure to represent the concept/construct being evaluated

A

construct validity

27
Q

definition: the degree to which instrument scores relate to a reference standard instrument’s scores

A

criterion related validity

28
Q

definition: the degree to which an instrument can distinguish between or among different concepts/constructs

A

discriminant validity

29
Q

definition: refers to the degree to which two measures demonstrate similar results

A

convergent validity

30
Q

defintion: validity that is used when tests are administered at the same time and can replace another test

A

concurrent validity

31
Q

definition: how a test predicts from a reference standard

A

predictive validity

32
Q

What Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) is an indication of excellent reliability?

A

> 0.9

33
Q

What Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) is an indication of poor reliability?

A

< 0.5

34
Q

What statistic accounts for chance agreements?

A

Kappa statistic (cohen’s)

35
Q

What value is considered as excellent agreement using kappa statistic?

A

> 0.8

36
Q

What value is considered as fair-poor agreement using kappa statistic

A

< 0.4

37
Q

definition: the # of exact agreements / number of possible agreements (the closer to 100%, the better)

A

percent agreement

38
Q

What tests are used for testing the association of 2 measures?

A

pearson, spearman

39
Q

What value is considered as little to no association when using pearson and spearman tests?

A

0.0-0.3

40
Q

What value is considered as good to excellent association when using pearson and spearman tests?

A

0.75-1.00

41
Q

What is the equation for finding the coefficient of variation?

A

CV= SD/ mean

EBCI (6 decks)

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