Measurement Flashcards
Global Clinical Tests
> Motor Assessment Scale (MAS) for stroke: 8 items scored from 0-6. Takes 10-15’. Good intra, inter-rater reliability.
Specific Performance Tests: Gait
> MAS walking item
> 6 or 10-metre walk test
Specific Performance Tests: Balance
> MAS balanced sitting item
> Functional reach test: maximum reach forward in standing. Can predict falls in the elderly.
> Sit-and-reach test: maximum reach forward in sitting. Has test-retest reliability.
> Standing balance test: patients stand with eyes open. Score 0-4 (from “unable to stand” to “stands with feet together, for ≥30 sec”)
> Step test: ability to support and balance body mass on one limb while taking a step with the other. Number of steps made in 15” counted.
> Timed up-and-go (TUG) test: speed of performance of a functionally significant linked series of tasks.
> Berg Balance Scale (BBS): assess balance of elderly and monitor change over time. Measures the ability to balance while performing 14 static and dynamic balance tasks.
> Choice stepping reaction time rest: measure of the complex response we make to avoid a fall.
> Standing postural sway
> Clinical Test of Sensory Interaction in Balance (CTSIB): measures number of seconds a person can stand in 6 different sensory conditions.
Specific Performance Tests: Falls-related
> Falls Efficacy Scale (FES): self-report questionnaire to assess confidence on ability to avoid falling while undertaking 10 ADL.
> The Activities-Specific Balance Confidence (ABC) Scale: similar to FES, 16 ADL.
Specific Performance Tests: Upper Limb function
> MAS Upper limb items
> Nine-hole peg test (NHPT): time to place all 9 dowels in the pegs.
> Frenchay arm test (FAT): 5 tasks to be performed with the affected hand.
> Action research arm test (ARAT): 4 subsections with items arranged in hierarchical order of difficulty: grasp, grip, pinch and gross mvmt.
> The spiral test: measure of coordination.
Specific Performance Tests: Muscle Strength
> Medical Research Council (MRC) grades: subjective impression of the ability to contract a muscle under certain conditions. Graded 0-5.
> Motricity Index: based on MRC grades, sums scores from one limb and for one side of the body.
> Dynamometry
Specific Performance Tests: Functional strength
> Lateral step test: two options are 15” test or 50-rep test.
> Timed-stands test: timed while standing up from a seat 10 times.
Specific Performance Tests: Spasticity
> Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS): tests increased muscle stiffness. Muscle tone graded subjectively by examiner according to the amount of resistance felt in response to passive mvmt.
> Tardieu Scale: ordinal scale that attempts to quantify the neural component of spasticity by mesuring the intensity of the muscle-response to joint mvmt at specified velocities.
Specific Performance Tests: Cardiorespiratory fitness / exercise capacity
> HR monitoring
> Borg RPE
> 6-minute walk test (6MWT)
> Human activity profile (HAP): samples 94 activities across a broad range of energy requirements.
Specific Performance Tests: Sensation
> Nottingham Sensory Assessment for Stroke Patients: performed blindfolded. Tests tactile sensation, kinaesthetic sensation, stereognosis, two-point discrimination, find-the-thumb test.
Specific Performance Tests: Health-related QoL scales
> Medical Outcome Survey Form-36 (SF-36) health state questionnaire: measures physical, psychological and social aspects that may be affected by health status (from the pt’s perspective)
> Nottingham Health Profile
> Self-efficacy scales
> Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9)
Specific Performance Tests: Diagnosis-specific measures
> Traumatic brain injury (TBI) or post-surgery coma - Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) Severe = ≤8 Moderate = 9-12 Mild = 13-15
- Modified Oxford and Westmead Post-Traumatic Ammesia (PTA) Scale: incorporates both memory and orientation items.
- Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS): measures outcome from head injury.
- Galverston Orientation Ammesia Test (GOAT)
- High Level Mobility Assessment Tool (HIMAT)
