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Surgical Nursing > measure and monitor BP > Flashcards

measure and monitor BP Flashcards

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1
Q

artery or vein for a pulse

A

artery

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2
Q

the pressure within arteries

A

blood pressure

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3
Q

the pressure within veins

A

central venous pressure CVP

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4
Q

hypotension is usually due to what 5 things

A

anesthesia, drugs, toxins, hemorrhagic shock, dehydration

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5
Q

hypertension is usually due to what 3 things

A

kidney disease, hyperthyroidism, metabolic change

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6
Q

if BP rises too high, organs can

A

be over perfused or undergo barotrauma

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7
Q

what is barotrauma

A

sensory nerve becomes damaged where you cannot lower bp on your own.

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8
Q

what must be considered when evaluating a BP

A

species, gender, age, intact? season

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9
Q

effect of white coat syndrome

A

increased blood pressure

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10
Q

bp above/below mandates intervention

A

above- 180/120 mmHg

below- 70/40 mmHg

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11
Q

what to do if bp is extremely low

A

increase fluids, decrease depth of anesthesia

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12
Q

systolic range and diastolic range

A

systolic- 90-160 mmHg

diastolic- 50-90 mmHg

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13
Q

MAP stands for

A

mean arterial pressure

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14
Q

normal MAP awake vs anesthetized

A

awake- 85-120 mmHg

anesthetized- 70-99 mmHg

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15
Q

highest pressure exerted/ lowest pressure exerted

A

highest- systolic pressure

lowest- diastolic pressure

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16
Q

the average pressure through the cardiac cycle

A

MAP

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17
Q

the best indicator of perfusion that is most important during anesthesia

A

MAP

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18
Q

calculating MAP

A

diastolic pressure + ( sys - dia / 3)

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19
Q

direct vs indirect - which one is used more in vet practice? research and referral practice?

A

indirect is used in vet practice

direct- research and referral practices

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20
Q

direct

A

more accurate, more painful- placement of indwelling catheter.

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21
Q

placement of indwelling catheter causes

A

hematoma and infection

22
Q

indirect

A

most affordable, non-invasive method

23
Q

3 methods of indirect

A

auscultatory
ultrasonic doppler- manual
oscillometric- automatic & prints

24
Q

the 3 methods of indirect use

A

an inflatable cuff

25
Q

how is pressure measured in an inflatable cuff

A

manometer (sphygomomanometer)

a pressure transducer

26
Q

what detects blood flow as a change in frequency of reflected sound

A

doppler flowmeters

27
Q

how do doppler flowmeters detect blood flow

A

motion of red blood cells

28
Q

the probe of the doppler must be separately positioned where on which limb?

A

distal to the cuff on the same limb

29
Q

dopplers are more reliable for which measurements

A

systolic bp

30
Q

detects pressure fluctuations in the occluding cuff resulting from the pulse pressure

A

oscillometrics

31
Q

what is connected with cuff as one piece

A

unit

32
Q

which indirect method used only by one technician

A

oscillometrics

33
Q

oscillometrics are useful in what 2 patients

A

anesthetized and critical care patients

34
Q

what site can you only use oscillometers

A

cranial tibial arteries

35
Q

3 sites use with doppler and oscillometers

A

brachial artery, medial coccygeal, median arteries

36
Q

most common placement for doppler technique

A

cuff is placed around median artery

37
Q

for every 2 cm above/below

A

above- add 1 mmHg

below- subtract 1 mmHg

38
Q

what is placed between the carpal and metacarpal pad

A

the transducer

39
Q

cuff width is indicated in

A

mm

40
Q

cuff width should be -ideal

A

40% of limb circumference

41
Q

what position should the pt be in

A

sternal, lateral

42
Q

add what to a cats reading

A

15 mm Hg

43
Q

few anxiety induced artifacts

A

visiting the vets
restraint
noise
odor

44
Q

anxiety can be minimized by

A

obtaining a bp before the PE, xray, bloodwork

45
Q

allow the animal to acclimate to its surroundings for

A

5-15 minutes

46
Q

weakest point of the manometer

A

the tip of the manometer where it tapers to fit the stopcock

47
Q

the direction the white knob is pointed is what position

A

the off position of the stopcock

48
Q

the bottom of the manometer is held at the level of the

A

right atrium

49
Q

values greater than 10 cm of h2o indicate

A

venous congestion
increased thoracic pressure
volume overload

50
Q

volume 8-10 cm of h2o indicate

A

increase in vascular volume
suspected volume overload
fluid therapy should be slowed or stopped

Surgical Nursing (5 decks)

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