Meaning, Nature and Significance of Culture and Geography Flashcards
is derived from the Latin word cultura stemming from colere, meaning “to cultivate,” is the social behavior and norms found in human societies.
The word culture
According to ________________, “Culture refers to that complex whole which includes knowledge, beliefs, art, morals, law, customs, and any other capabilities and habits acuired by man as a member of society.”
Sir Edward Tylor
What is Culture?
• the shared way of life of a group of people.
Includes their beliefs values, customs, traditions, and behavior.
“The Nature of Culture”
varies from society to society evolving and adapting with time and circumstance.
Characteristics of Culture
- SHARED
- LEARNED
- SYMBOLIC
- ADAPTIVE AND DYNAMIC
Culture is passed down from generation to generation.
SHARED
Culture is not inherited but acquired.
LEARNED
It uses symbols (language, gestures) to convey meaning.
SYMBOLIC
Culture is constantly changing and adapting.
ADAPTIVE AND DYNAMIC
Transmission of Culture
Enculturation
Acculturation
the process of learning one’s own culture.
Example: A child learning table manners from their parents.
Enculturation
the process of adopting aspects of another culture.
Example: Immigrants adopting the language of their new country while still celebrating their traditional holidays.
Acculturation
Impact of Culture on Society
- Values - influencing moral judgements and ethical codes.
- Social Structures- influences social institutions.
- Identity- contributes to social cohesion and identity.
- Perception and Cognition- affect how people perceive and interpret the world around them.
Influence of Culture on Individual Behavior
LANGUAGE AND COMMUNICATION
DECISION-MAKING
MENTAL HEALTH
This is the spread of cultural elements—ideas, styles, religions, technologies, etc.—from one society to another.
Example: The global adoption of smartphones and internet technology, which originated in a few specific regions.
Cultural Diffusion
Culture and Globalization
the process where different cultures become increasingly similar.
Example: The global popularity of certain music genres, or movies.
Cultural Convergence
the process where cultures become more distinct from one another
Example: The continued existence and, in some cases, resurgence of distinct religious practices and beliefs.
Cultural Divergence
made up of two Greek words Geo means “Earth” and Graphy means “to describe”. Thus, Geography is the branch of science which explains about the Earth.
Geography
’ was first used by Eratosthenes, a Greek scholar in the 3rd century B.C. He wrote the book “Geography”.
The term ‘geography
According to most scholars, ______________ is known as the “Father of Geography” because he is considered to have been the first person to use the word ‘geography’.
Eratosthenes
are known as “Founders of Modern Geography”.
Alexander Von Humboldt and Carl Ritter
What is Geography?
the study of the Earth, including its physical features, climate, people, and how they interact with each other.
two main branches of Geography
- Physical Geography: Focuses on the Earth’s natural features like mountains, rivers, oceans, and climate.
- Human Geography: Explores human activities, cultures, urban development, and their impact on the environment.
Nature of Geography
• Human is an integral part of ‘nature’ and ‘nature’ has the imprints of ‘human’.
• captioned as “Land and People”
• According to Kant, the famous German scholar defined “geography as a study of the earth.”
in his book entitled “Perspective on the Nature of Geography” published in 1959. According to him, “Geography is the concerned to provide accurate, orderly and rational description and interpretation of the variable characters of earth surface.”
Richard Hearthstone
According to __________________ in 1965, “It is the study of spatial distribution and space relation on the earth surface”
Edward Augustus Ackerman
- Physical Geography
the study of physical environment of the world.
Subfields of physical geography:
• Geomorphology (study of landforms)
•
Climatology (study of weather & climatic patterns)
• Mathematical Geography
(to understand Earth’s shape and size)
•
Oceanography (study of oceans)
• Soil Geography (study of the types & distribution of soil)
• Medical Geography(study of the distribution of diseases)
• Bio-Geography (study of plants and animals)
•
Astronomical Geography
(study of the celestial bodies)
- Human Geography
Studies the inter-relationship between the physical environment and socio-cultural environment mutual interaction with each other.
Subfields of human geography:
• Anthropogeography
•
Cultural Geography
• Social Geography
•
Population Geography
•
Economic Geography
• Political Geography
• Historical Geography
• Settlement Geography
• Urban Geography
• Rural Geography
Integration of Culture and Geography
With other courses (1)
- Integrating Culture and History
Understanding how geographic factors
influenced historical events.
Example: Studying how the geography of the
Philippines affected its colonization.
Integration of Culture and Geography
With other courses (2)
- Geography and Environmental Science
Studying the impact of human activities on
the environment.
Example: Examining the effects of
deforestation on the biodiversity of Palawan.
Integration of Culture and Geography
With other courses (3)
- Language and Literature
Analyzing how geographic landscapes are
portrayed in literature and how language
reflects cultural landscapes.
Example: Examining local dialects and their
connection to specific geographic regions.
Integration of Culture and Geography
With other courses (4)
- Mathematics and Architecture
Using mathematical concepts to design
and build structures that are adapted to the
local environment.
Example: Designing buildings that can
withstand earthquakes and typhoons.
Integration of Culture and Geography
With other courses (5)
- Science and Anthropology
Studying how different cultures have
adapted to their environments.
Example: Studying the traditional ecological
knowledge of indigenous communities.
Integration of Culture and Geography
With other courses (6)
- Physical Education and Cultural Practices
Many traditional Filipino games and dances are connected to the geography and culture of the region.
Example: Studying the “Singkil” dance, which reflects the Maranao culture and the geographic landscape of Mindanao.
