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English Language > Meaning And Mind > Flashcards

Meaning And Mind Flashcards

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Proverbs and Idioms flashcards
1
Q

Ullman

A

No two words can be interchangeable, true synonymy doesn’t exist

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2
Q

Samuels, linguistic evolution, historical thesaurus of English

A

Semantic change, explores presence and nature of metaphor through English history, skirt and shirt

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3
Q

Realist

A

All words in a particular category share essential characteristics

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4
Q

Nominalists

A

The only thing shared by items in category is their name

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5
Q

Form

A

Sound/image of word

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6
Q

Referent

A

Thing word refers to

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7
Q

Concept

A

Mental abstraction form articulates

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8
Q

Antonymy gradable

A

Big/small
Can be measured and compared
Varies on what is described, big ant smaller than small plane

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9
Q

Antonymy complementary

A 
Two terms one excludes other
Married/single
Pass/fail
Lie/truth
Binary, absolute not relative
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10
Q

Antonymy converseness/relational

A 
One word implies the other 
Buy/sell
Husband/wife
Give/ receive
One exists because the other does
Parent/child
Reversal of existing relationship
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11
Q

Incompatibility antonymy

A

Sets of 2+ words if one, not the others
More than one opposition
Cat (not dog or man or lion)
Winter (not spring or summer)

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12
Q

Synchronic

A

Meaning if words at particular time

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13
Q

Diachronic

A

Meaning of words considered over time

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14
Q

Options over semantic space

A

Drop one word and only use other
One word becomes dialectal
Both words specialise

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15
Q

Reasons for semantic change

A 
Systemic regulation 
Homonymic clash
Similarity of form (disinterested and uninterested)
Cultural change 
Cultural affiliation
 i
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16
Q

Mechanisms of semantic change

A 
Narrowing/specialisation (sand)
Widening (cool (music) now approval)
Polysemy/radiation mouth (face/river)
Pejoration (silly)
Amelioration (nice in ME was foolish)
17
Q

Onomatopoeia

A

Mimicry by word of concept referring to sound

18
Q

Phonaesthesia

A

When words expressing similar concepts share some formal characteristics
Fl- movement
Flutter flurry flow flounce flail

19
Q

Synonymy

A

2+ forms with similar meaning

20
Q

Homonymy

A

1 form with 2+different meanings

Form =spoken or written

21
Q

Hyponymy

A

Same category
Super ordinate with co hyponyms
Veg: cucumber, potato

22
Q

Mutual implication

A

Synonymy can be special type of hyponymy, you get. The gist

23
Q

Silly

A

Silly>happy>pious>pitiable>defenceless>rustic>sick>feeble minded>daft
Connotations supplanted denotation

24
Q

Sand

A

OEsandhad meant either ‘sand’ or ‘shore.’ When Low Germanshorewasborrowedto refer to the land itself along a body of water,sandnarrowed to mean only the granular particles of disintegrated rock that covered this land
Systemic regulation

English Language (5 decks)

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