MDS

Question 1

Myelodisplastic Syndrome

Answer 1

Group of hematologic disorders that have poorly formed cells or cells that don’t work right.
Hematapoetic cells
5/100,000

Question 2

At risk?

Answer 2

Those with chemo/radiation.

1/2 the patients have chromosomal abnormalities.

Question 3

Clinical Manifestations

Answer 3

Anemia
Thrombocytopenia
Neutropenia

Question 4

Lab?

Answer 4

CBC (abnormalities in ALL values)

Question 5

Implementation

Answer 5

Give blood
hematapoetic growth factors
stem cell transplant
general care for care thrombocytopenia and neutropenia

Question 6

Leukemia

Answer 6

• no one is immune
• 63 new cases per year
• results from genetic and
• environmental factor

Question 7

Acute vs. Chronic

Answer 7

Immature vs. Mature

Question 8

Myelogenous

Answer 8

Affects all cells in bone marrow

Question 9

AML

Answer 9

Acute myelogenous leukemia

• Affects all blood cells
• 1/3 of all leukemia
• more so adults
• bad onset with infection and bleeding.
• hyperplasia of bone marrow

Question 10

Lymphocytic

Answer 10

Affects WBC

Question 11

ALL

Answer 11

Acute lymphocytic leukemia

• immature lymphocytic
• fever/infection @ dx
• fatigue, weakness
• risk for bleeding
• develop Cranial nerve dysfunction.

Question 12

CML

Answer 12

Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia

• cancerous cells in bone marrow that move into peripheral bloodstream.
• follows acute phase and then progresses.
• Genetic link is Philly chromosome(messes with cell function)
• present in 90% of people with CML.

Question 13

CLL

Answer 13

Chronic lymphocytic Leukemia
-swollen lymph nodes
(lymphadnopathy)
-PAIN
-pulmonary sx
-thick blood

Question 14

NANDA

Answer 14

Same as for thrombo/neutro/anemia

• achieve remission
• control can be gained.
• complete remission is best!
• prognosis depends on pt’s ability to achieve and maintain remission.

Question 15

Chemo

Answer 15

Induction

• Agressive
• destroy cancer cells
• After 1 course of induction, high chance of sick but 70% chance of pt’s achieve remission.

Post/Induction
-Still gettin doses but not as severe.

Maintenance
-Lower doses for even longer.

Question 16

Lymphoma

Answer 16

Hodgkin’s and non-Hodgkin’s

• originate in bone marrow
• cause unknown but several factor: epstein bar virus.
• inc. with HIV
• Hodgkin’s: Reid Sternberg CELL or fragments of Epstein bar

Begins with

• enlarged cervical lymph node.
• cough/stridor/pulmonary issues.
• not painful unless pressing on nerve.
• sweats/fatigue
• B Sx malaise: fever/night sweats/weight loss

HIGH RISK
-for recurrence

Non-Hodgkin's
More common
-pt's with immunosuppressant therapy.
-widespread disease @ dx.
-chemo/radiation/ secondary cancers