MCR101 Flashcards
What is an SI Unit ?
An SI unit is the International Standard unit of measurement which is the metric meter (m)
what are some of the different microbiology SI units ?
10-3 = the mm
10-6 = the um
10-9 = nm
Define light microscopy
Any microscope that uses visible light to show a specimen or slide
What is white light?
White light is the entire spectrum of visible light from 400-750nm (the rainbow of light)
Define transmission, absorption, refraction, reflection and florescence
T = light passing through an object
A = light that doesnt pass through an object and is absorbed
R = The bending of light passing through an object
R = the immediate re-emission of light after it hits a reflective surface
F = high energy hitting a fluorophore whit then re-emits a photon of lower energy
What is the part of a microscope you look through?
The ocular or eyepiece
What does the body piece do?
It transmits the light from the objective lens to the eyepiece
What is the turret and what attaches to it?
The turret is a moveable part, that attaches to the objective lens - can be moved to select a different magnification
Define magnification
The process of enlarging an object image
What is total magnification?
The ocular mag x the objective mag = TM
Define resolution
The ability to distinguish between 2 specific points
What is a simple, special and differential stain
- a simple stain uses 1 colour
- a stain that identifies a specific part of a microbe
- a stain that uses 2 or more colours to identify different parts or cells
What is a gram stain?
uses dye to classify cells into 2 main types - thin or thick peptidoglycan wall
What is an acid fast stain?
Acid fast stains look at gram positive cells - or cells that hold dye. It looks at cells with waxy mycolic acids that help hold on and trap the dye
What is acid-fastness
Acid fastness refers to a cell that holds onto the first dye, and does not decolorize after washing
Summarise gram positive stain
a stain used to identify the cell type based on the wall
yields a positive result - thick cell walls and holds onto lots of the dye
Summarise gram negative stain
A stain that identifies a cell as having a thin peptidoglycan layer as it does not hold much dye
Describe the correct order of the taxonomic hierarchy
Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
Who devised the taxonomic nomenclature of scientific names?
Carolus Linnaeus in 1735 devised the binomial scientific names
In Escherichia Coli, Escherichia is the what
Genus
What are the 7 major microorganisms?
Bacteria
Archaea
Fungi
Protozoa
Algae
Animal parasites
Virus
Who devised the 3 domain system?
in 1978 it was created by Carle Woese
It divides organisms based on their rRNA and genetic sequence
What was Robert Hooke known for
In 1665 he used a microscope to view sliced cork and devised that it looked like “monk” cells
Coined the term cells and began cell theory
What did Anton Van Leuwenhoek do?
in 1673 he saw the first microbes that were bacteria and protozoa, as he called them “animalcules” at the time
