MCQ LOs Flashcards
What is in an ampoule of thiopentone
sodium thiopental 500mg
6% sodium carbonate
Nitrogen to prevent reaction with CO2 -> decrease pH -> decrease water solubility
What are the range of values of state and response entropy
state 0-91
response 0-100
What pressure of oxygen is required to cause CNS toxicity
> 2 Bar
What hormones inhibit gastric emptying?
KIS GCS
K cell - GIP
I cell - CCK
S cell - secretin
Somatostatin
Reynold’s equation?
Factors that increase likelihood of turbulent flow
Re = 2x radius x velocity x density / viscosity
Large radius, sharp bends or corrugated lining
High fluid flow velocity
High density
Low viscosity
What is the function of COX3?
centrally acting COX - likely the action of paracetamol
What are the two forms of thiopentone
Enol and kept forms
What are the Acetylcholinersterase inhibitors with quaternary ammonium group?
Edrophonium, neostigmine, pyridostigmine
Poorly lipid soluble.
What happens to sarcomere unit during contraction?
Sarcomere length A band I band Z line M line
A band length unchanged.
Sarcomere and I band length decrease
Z and M lines move together.
A band is the length of thick filament
How many kcal in 1L of 5% glucose?
200kcal
5% = 50mg/ml
in 1L -> 50g glucose
1g glucose = 4kcal
What are the cartilages of the larynx?
Epliglottis
Thyroid cartilage
Cricoid cartilage
Describe the anatomy of the larynx inlet?
Anteriorly by the upper edge of epiglottis, posteriorly by the mucous membrane covering the two arytenoid cartilages, and laterally by the aryepiglottic folds
Anterior view of the larynx, list the structure from top to bottom
Epiglottis Hyoid bone Thyrohyoid membrane Thyroid cartilage Cricothyroid ligament cricoid cartilage
What are the laryngeal cartilages?
Nine cartilages for the framework of the larynx
- Unpaired thyroid, cricoid, epiglottis
- Paired arytenoids, corniculate, cuneiform
What is the MOA of alcohol antiseptic agent?
Denature protein, damage cell membrane
