MCQ

Question 1

WHERE ARE PODOCYTES LOCATED?

WHAT ARE THEY?

FUNCTION?

Answer 1

Located in visceral sheet of Bowmans capsule

> specialised epithelial cells covering outer surface of glomerular capillaries

> function > form filtration barrier
bowman’s capsule filters blood + retain larger molecules like protein

Question 2

CAN ATHEROSCLEROSIS BE PRESENT IN ACUTE ILLNESS?

Answer 2

NO

Atherosclerosis
> chronic, inflammatory disease with long asymptomatic phase

> progresses to acute cardiovascular disease
> MI
> unstable angina
> sudden cardiac death

Question 3

IS JAUNDICE A FEATURE OF HEMOLYTIC ANAEMIA?

Answer 3

YES

Hemolysis/ break down of red blood cells
> leading to jaundice

Question 4

WHAT IS HODGKIN LYMPHOMA?

Answer 4

Cancer of lymphatic system

Cause:
> mutation in DNA of B-lymphocytes

> B-ly start to multiply abnormally and collect in catrina part of the lymphatic system > eg lymph nodes (glands)

> B-ly dyfunction > Px becomes immunocompromised

Question 5

IS SAGO SPLEEN A CHARACTERISTIC FOR HODGKIN LYMPHOME?

Answer 5

NO

Question 6

WHAT IS PYELONEPHRTITIS?

Answer 6

A kidney infection - type of urinary tract infection that begins in the urethra or bladder + travels up to one or both kidneys

Question 7

WHAT IS THE CAUSE OF PYELONEPHRITIS?

Answer 7

GRAM NEGATIVE BACTERIA 
> E.COLI 
> proteus 
> klebsiella
> enterobacter

Question 8

OUTLINE MICROSCOPIC CHARACTERISTIC OF CHRONIC PYELONEPHRITIS?

Answer 8

Mesangial Hyperplasia

Lymphoid infiltrates in the interstitium

Question 9

WHAT IS TUBAL PREGNANCY?

Answer 9

Most common type of ectopic pregnancy when fertilised egg gets stuck on its way to the uterus due to fallopian tube is damaged by inflammation or misshaped.

Hormonal imbalances or abnormal development of the fertilized egg also might play a role.