MC 3 (perception and sensorimotor control)

Question 1

What is perception?

Answer 1

perception is the process of obtaining information about the internal and/or external environment from sensory stimulation

Question 2

What is sensation?

Answer 2

sensation is conscious process of perception

Question 3

What is the role of receptors in perception?

Answer 3

convert mechanical, visual, acoustic or chemical energy (the stimulus) into a neural signal which brings info to the brain (afferent signals) for controlling, planning and deciding

Question 4

What is a phasic receptor?

Answer 4

Fast adapting

responds to change in stimulus, not magnitude

Question 5

What is a tonic receptor?

Answer 5

Slow adapting

responds to stimuli magnitude/intensity

Question 6

Give an example of phasic and tonic receptors in real life

Answer 6

Phasic: sitting in a chair
Tonic: vision

Question 7

Where are muscle spindles located?

Answer 7

in muscles, parallel to the fibre

Question 8

What do muscle spindles respond to?

Answer 8

change to fibre length / stretch (magnitude and speed)

Question 9

What axon of the muscle spindle is more sensitive to rate of change (speed)?

Answer 9

type Ia afferent axon

Question 10

What axon of the muscle spindle is more sensitive to magnitude of change?

Answer 10

type II afferent axon

Question 11

What is the response of the muscle spindle when muscle is stretched?

Answer 11

increased action potential firing rate

Question 12

Which muscle spindle fibres respond greater to speed of change?

Answer 12

dynamic nuclear bag fibres

Question 13

Which muscle fibre spindles respond greater to magnitude of change?

Answer 13

static nuclear bag fibres

static nuclear chain fibres

Question 14

Where are golgi tendon organs located?

Answer 14

at the musculotendon junction

Question 15

What are golgi tendon organs sensitive to?

Answer 15

force

Question 16

Where are the golgi, ruffini and paciniform located?

Answer 16

connective tissues of joints (ruffini, paciniform)

ligaments (golgi)

Question 17

What is the function of the golgi, ruffini and paciniform?

Answer 17

position sensors (limit detectors)

Question 18

Which muscle spindle fibres does the type Ia afferent axon attach to?

Answer 18

dynamic and static nuclear bag fibres

static nuclear chain fibres

Question 19

Which muscle spindle fibres does the type II afferent axon attach to?

Answer 19

static nuclear bag fibres

static nuclear chain fibres

Question 20

Does the type Ia fibre in the muscle spindle respond as a phasic or tonic receptor?

Answer 20

phasic - responds to change, returns to normal response when no more change in fibre length