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Oral Surgery 2 > Maxillofacial Trauma II > Flashcards

Maxillofacial Trauma II Flashcards

1
Q

classification of fractures

A
  1. greenstick
  2. simple fracture
  3. comminuted fracture
  4. compound fracture (open)
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2
Q

greenstick fracture

A

incomplete fracture

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3
Q

simple fracture

A

single fracture line

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4
Q

comminuted fracture

A

results in multiple fractured segments

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5
Q

compound fracture (open)

A

communication with the external environment

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6
Q

how does a compound fracture (open) communicate with the external environment?

A

through…

  1. PDL
  2. sinus
  3. mucosa
  4. skin
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7
Q

symphysis of mandible

A

area between mental foramina

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8
Q

parasymphysis of mandible

A

posterior to canine and anterior to mental foramina

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9
Q

body of mandible

A

between mental foramina and distal of second molar

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10
Q

angle of mandible

A

distal of second molar and inferior aspect of ramus

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11
Q

ramus of mandible

A

between sigmoid notch and angle

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12
Q

condyle of mandible

A

between sigmoid notch and top of condylar head

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13
Q

T/F: with open fracture, forces are all tooth bearing

A

true

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14
Q

midface fractures

A
  1. lefort 1
  2. lefort 2
  3. lefort 3
  4. zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC)
  5. NOE
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15
Q

lefort 1 (horizontal)

A

may result from a force of injury directed low on the maxillary alveolar rim in a downward direction

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16
Q

lefort 2 (pyramidal)

A

result from blow to lower or mid maxillary area

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17
Q

lefort 3 (transverse)

A

may follow impact to the nasal bridge or upper maxilla

also referred to as craniofacial dysjunction

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18
Q

zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC)

A

cheekbone is fractured

19
Q

what structures are involved in a NOE fracture?

A
  1. frontal sinus
  2. naso-orbital-ethmoid (NOE)
  3. orbital floor
20
Q

dentoalveolar fractures

A

fracture to teeth and alveolar bone that may extend to adjacent bone

21
Q

panfacial fractures

A

fracture of all the facial bones

22
Q

goals of tx’ing facial fractures

A
  1. fracture healing
  2. return of normal fxn
  3. restore facial/dental esthetics
  4. restore occlusion
23
Q

principles of managing facial fractures

A
  1. reduction
  2. stabilization
  3. immobilization
  4. prevent infection
  5. restoration of occlusion
24
Q

tx options for facial fractures

A
  1. no tx
  2. closed reduction
  3. open reduction with internal fixation (ORIF)
  4. combo
25
non-surgical tx for facial fractures
1. soft, no-chew diet 2. close follow-up 3. low tolerance for switching to surgical tx
26
T/F: there are many non-surgical tx options for facial fractures
false, very limited application
27
when is non-surgical tx of facial fractures indicated?
fractures WITHOUT MALOCCLUSION and a compliant patient
28
what type of facial fractures are indicated for non-surgical tx?
1. subcondylar | 2. greenstick
29
closed reduction
dentition of hte opposite arch used as the handle to reduce the fracture
30
what must the pt have in order to have closed reduction performed?
1. good teeth 2. favorable fracture 3. min-moderate displacement
31
what happens after occlusion of patient with facial fracture is established
teeth then need to be wired together (maxillo-mandibular fixation)
32
what can be used to wire together teeth of patients with facial fracture for closed reduction?
1. arch bars and MMF (maxillo-mandibular fixation) | 2. ivy loops and MMF
33
how long should maxillo-mandibular fixation (MMF) be for?
4-8 weeks
34
the length of maxillo-mandibular fixation (MMF) depends on what?
1. fracture(s) 2. age of pt 3. medical hx
35
open reducation with internal fixation (ORIF)
expose fractures and use direct visualization and dentition to manipulate segments into place then fixate with plates and screws
36
indications for open reducation with internal fixation (ORIF)
1. grossly displaced 2. cannot tolerate MMF 3. need a short/absent period of MMF
37
which pts can't tolerate MMF?
pts with seizures, lung disease
38
which type of patients need a short/absent period of MMF?
pts with condylar fractures
39
advantages of intraoral surgical approach
1. no external scar | 2. no FACIAL NERVE damage
40
disadvantages of intraoral surgical approach
1. oral contamination | 2. fracture reduction can be more difficult to reduce
41
advantages of of extraoral surgical approach
excellent access for reduction and fixaton
42
disadvantages of of extraoral surgical approach
1. external scar | 2. potential for facial nerve damage
43
what is involved in panfacial trauma?
1. frontal bone 2. ZMC 3. NOE region 4. maxilla and mandible

Oral Surgery 2 (13 decks)

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