Maxillofacial Interpretation Flashcards
How to describe a lesion?
Density Where lesion is Single or multiple Border e.g well defined/ corticated Associated pathology - root displacement, resorption Bony expansion
How could you well if a lesion was well-defined?
If you could take a pen and draw around it
What is the most common bony abnormality seen on a radiograph?
Radiolucency
Most common = cyst
How to differentiate between radicular cyst and granuloma?
Size and margin different
Cyst - well defined and corticated margin (granuloma won’t)
If 1-.1.5cm> likely to be cyst
Difference in XLA for granuloma and cyst?
XLA granuloma - expect bony infill
XLA cyst - cyst persist
Possible differentials for radiolucent area in bone?
Granuloma
Radicular cyst
Keratocyst (mandible expansion)
Possible differential diagnosis of multiple well-defined and corticated radioluecnies?
Keratocyst
Ameloblastoma
What syndrome is associated w/ multiple jaw keratocysts?
Gorlin Goltz
What is a pericoronal radiolucency?
Lucnecy often seen around the crown of normally erupting teeth in the follicular space
What would be suggestive of cyst if follicular space included?
Size greater 3mm -follicular space is 3mm
Most common pericoronal pathology in the jaw?
Dentigerous cyst
Differential of periocoronal radiolucency?
Dentigerous cyst
Keratocyst
Ameloblastoma
What does calcification within the radiolucency suggest?
Adenomatoid odontogenic tumour
Pindborg tumour
Calcifying odontogenic cyst
What would need to consider if radiolucent lesion w/ indistinct borders?
Could be periodontal disease but bone loss w/ indistinct border can be sinister
Examples of radiolucent lesions w/ indistinct borders?
Osteomyelitis
Squamous cell carcinoma
What is osteomyelitis?
Infection of marrow space
What pathological feature can you see with SCC?
Pathological fractures as bone becomes so thin
What lesion gives a sunburst radiopaque pattern?
Osteosarcoma - malignancy of connective tissue
Radiopaque - not homogeneous - see spicules of bone
What should you be worried about in pt with breast, prostate, lung, thyroid and kidney cancers?
Possible metastasis to bone
What is highly suggestive on sinister pathology?
1+ of the ‘4 white lines being absent’ on OPT
Lines: antra floor, hard palate, zygomatic buttress, posterior wall of sinus
Of the 4 lines which are horizontal and which are vertical?
Vertical = hard palate, floor of antrum
Horizontal = zygomatic buttress and posterior wall of sinus
What should you consider when see radiopaque lesion?
May not be in bone - could be in adjacent soft tissues
What could be the diagnosis of a well defined opacity over angle of mandible?
Calculus in submandibular salivary gland
What would the diagnosis be a of a collection of radiopaque masses that look like small bits of tooth?
Compound odontome
What is a cementoblastoma?
Radiopaque benign neoplasm
When would you expect to see cementoblastoma?
Around the roots of lower molar teeth in young adults - usually male
What is problem with cementoblastoma?
Can be painful
Can resorb teeth
Expand jaw
What would diagnosis be of a radiopaque lesion around roots of lower molars of young adult - especially if male?
Cementoblastoma
What is Gardner’s syndrome?
Presence of multiple jaw osteomas w/ or w/o supernumerary teeth
Possible odontomes
What is the tubular shaped opacity extending from stylohyoid process?
Calcification of the ligament
What would a large well-defined rounded opacity in cervical region suggest?
Calcified lymph nodes
What would multiple small opacities made up of concentric rings be suggestive of?
Phleboliths - seen in vascular lesions?
What would a rounded single opacity over mandibular angle be suggestive of?
Calculus in submandibular gland
