Maxillary and Paranasal Sinuses Flashcards
List the paranasal sinuses
- Frontal sinus
- Ethmoid sinus
- Spehnoid sinus
- Maxillary sinus
What are the functions of the maxillary sinus
- Vocal resonance
- Olfactory funciton
- Warming and humidifying air
- Decrease the weight of the skull
List the arterys that supply the maxillary sinus
- Posterior superior alveolar artery
- Infra orbital artery
- Posterior lateral nasal artery
What is the posterior superior alveolar artery a branch of
Branch of the pterygopalatine portion of the maxillary artery
What is the infra orbital alveolar artery a branch of
Branch of the pterygopalatine portion of the maxillary artery
What is the posterior lateral nasal artery a branch of
Branch of the spenopalatine artery which forms the terminal branch of the maxillary artery
What is pneumatisation
Sinus extension into particular anatomical structures
What can pneumatisation results
Increases volume of the sinus
Why does pneumatisation happen
We dont know but it occurs with increasing age following the loss of dentition
What is the lining of the sinus called
Schneiderian membrane
When extracting a tooth what complications can occur
- Oro-antral communication (OAC)
- Oro-antral fistula (OAF)
- Displacement of teeth/ roots/ Foreign body
- Maxillary tuberosity fracture
What is an Oro-antral communication (OAC)
A (non epithelialised) passage between the oral cavity and the maxillary antrum, which can be a result of exodontia
What is exodontia
Extraction
What is an Oro-antral fistula (OAF)
A pathological epithelial lined passage between the oral cavity and the maxillary antrum
List some risk factors for an OAC
- Roots close to the sinus
- Thin alveolar bone
- Periapical pathology/ infection
- Root morphology
- Line standing molars
- Traumatic/ difficult extractions
- Technique
Give examples of signs you may see if a patient has Oro-antral communication (OAC)
- Usually clinically visible
2. Resonant
Give examples of symptoms of Oro-antral communication (OAC)
- Air/ liquid bubbling’ reflux into the nose
- Discharge of infected materials
- Congestion, pain
- Sinus like symptoms
- Air escaping into the mouth
If you suspect an OAC what should you NOT do to test that
Make the patient hold their nose and blow
DO NOT DO THAT
Give examples of signs of Oro-antral Fistula (OAF)
- Soft tissue proliferation around the socket
- Prolapse of sinus lining
- Discharge