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Physics > Matter & Structure Of Atoms > Flashcards

Matter & Structure Of Atoms Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a molecule?

A

When 2 or more atoms are chemically combined

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2
Q

What is an Atom made of?

A

Protons
Neutrons
Electrons

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3
Q

What is found in the Nucleus?

A

Protons and Neutrons

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4
Q

What is heavier - a proton or electron?

A

Proton is heavier than an electron

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5
Q

Name the charges on a proton, neutron and electron

A

Proton - +1
Neutron - 0
Electron - -1

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6
Q

What is a compound?

A

When 2 or more DIFFERENT atoms are chemically combined

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7
Q

What is found on the top of an element Symbol on the periodic table?

A

The mass number /atomic mass

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8
Q

What is found at the bottom of the element symbol on the periodic table?

A

The proton/atomic number

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9
Q

How do you find the mass number?

A

Proton + neutron number

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10
Q

What must be present for an element to be in neutral state?

A

The number of protons must equal the number of electrons

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11
Q

How does a positive ion come about?

A

When there are more protons than electrons present due to a loss of one or more electrons

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12
Q

How does a negative ion come about?

A

There are more electrons than protons

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13
Q

What is a conductor?

A

When there are less than 4 electrons on the outer shell

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14
Q

What is a semi-conductor?

A

EXACTLY 4 electrons on the outer shell

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15
Q

What is an insulator?

A

MORE than 4 electrons on the outer shell

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16
Q

What is the Valence Shell?

A

The Outer-most shell

17
Q

What are valence electrons?

A

Electrons found on the valence shell (outer most shell)

18
Q

What is an Isotope?

A

It is an element with the same atomic number but different mass number due to the number of neutrons

19
Q

What are the 3 states of matter?

A

Solid, liquid, gas

20
Q

Properties of a solid

A

Most dense of the 3 states of matter

Particles are very close together - not free to move around

21
Q

Properties of a Liquid

A

More dense than gas
Particles are free flowing
Particles are more spaced out than a solid but less than a gas

22
Q

Properties of a gas

A

Particles are free to move around

Particles are very spaced out

23
Q

List the changes of state

A 
Solid - Liquid = melting
Liquid - Gas = evaporation
Gas - liquid = condensation
Liquid - solid = solidification
Solid-gas = sublimation
24
Q

Density equation and units

A

Mass/ volume

Units: kg/m^3

25
Q

What is latent heat

A

Heat added/removed which causes a phase change without a change in temperature

26
Q

Sensible Heat

A

Heat added or removed which causes an increase/decrease in temperature

27
Q

Latent heat of CONDENSATION

A

Heat REMOVED which causes a phase change without a change in temperature

28
Q

Latent heat of FUSION

A

Heat ADDED which causes a phase change without a change in temperature

29
Q

Mechanical energy consists of

A

Kinetic energy

Potential energy

30
Q

What is the conservation of energy

A

Energy cannot be created or destroyed only transformed from one form to another

31
Q

What is an element?

A

A substance that cannot be broken down into simpler components by any non-nuclear chemical reactions

32
Q

What is the substance that cannot be decomposed into other chemical substances known as?

A

An isotope

Physics (6 decks)

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