Matter & Structure Of Atoms

Question 1

What is a molecule?

Answer 1

When 2 or more atoms are chemically combined

Question 2

What is an Atom made of?

Answer 2

Protons
Neutrons
Electrons

Question 3

What is found in the Nucleus?

Answer 3

Protons and Neutrons

Question 4

What is heavier - a proton or electron?

Answer 4

Proton is heavier than an electron

Question 5

Name the charges on a proton, neutron and electron

Answer 5

Proton - +1
Neutron - 0
Electron - -1

Question 6

What is a compound?

Answer 6

When 2 or more DIFFERENT atoms are chemically combined

Question 7

What is found on the top of an element Symbol on the periodic table?

Answer 7

The mass number /atomic mass

Question 8

What is found at the bottom of the element symbol on the periodic table?

Answer 8

The proton/atomic number

Question 9

How do you find the mass number?

Answer 9

Proton + neutron number

Question 10

What must be present for an element to be in neutral state?

Answer 10

The number of protons must equal the number of electrons

Question 11

How does a positive ion come about?

Answer 11

When there are more protons than electrons present due to a loss of one or more electrons

Question 12

How does a negative ion come about?

Answer 12

There are more electrons than protons

Question 13

What is a conductor?

Answer 13

When there are less than 4 electrons on the outer shell

Question 14

What is a semi-conductor?

Answer 14

EXACTLY 4 electrons on the outer shell

Question 15

What is an insulator?

Answer 15

MORE than 4 electrons on the outer shell

Question 16

What is the Valence Shell?

Answer 16

The Outer-most shell

Question 17

What are valence electrons?

Answer 17

Electrons found on the valence shell (outer most shell)

Question 18

What is an Isotope?

Answer 18

It is an element with the same atomic number but different mass number due to the number of neutrons

Question 19

What are the 3 states of matter?

Answer 19

Solid, liquid, gas

Question 20

Properties of a solid

Answer 20

Most dense of the 3 states of matter

Particles are very close together - not free to move around

Question 21

Properties of a Liquid

Answer 21

More dense than gas
Particles are free flowing
Particles are more spaced out than a solid but less than a gas

Question 22

Properties of a gas

Answer 22

Particles are free to move around

Particles are very spaced out

Question 23

List the changes of state

Answer 23

Solid - Liquid = melting
Liquid - Gas = evaporation
Gas - liquid = condensation
Liquid - solid = solidification
Solid-gas = sublimation

Question 24

Density equation and units

Answer 24

Mass/ volume

Units: kg/m^3

Question 25

What is latent heat

Answer 25

Heat added/removed which causes a phase change without a change in temperature

Question 26

Sensible Heat

Answer 26

Heat added or removed which causes an increase/decrease in temperature

Question 27

Latent heat of CONDENSATION

Answer 27

Heat REMOVED which causes a phase change without a change in temperature

Question 28

Latent heat of FUSION

Answer 28

Heat ADDED which causes a phase change without a change in temperature

Question 29

Mechanical energy consists of

Answer 29

Kinetic energy | Potential energy

Question 30

What is the conservation of energy

Answer 30

Energy cannot be created or destroyed only transformed from one form to another

Question 31

What is an element?

Answer 31

A substance that cannot be broken down into simpler components by any non-nuclear chemical reactions

Question 32

What is the substance that cannot be decomposed into other chemical substances known as?

Answer 32

An isotope