MATTER: Its State Flashcards
- Any substance that has mass and takes up space
- Matter includes atoms and anything made up of atoms but no other energy phenomena or waves such as light sound
Matter
Scale is the length scale on which objects or phenomena are large enough to be visible almost practically with the naked eye, without magnifying optical instruments.
macroscopic
how many naturally occuring elements?
98 elements
A substance is composed of only one type of atoms called
elements
groups of two or more atoms
that have been bonded together
molecules
low temperature (below 0)
solid
normal temperature (0-100 C)
liquid
high temperature (100 C)
Gas
Calculations on gases, such as gas density.
Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP)
- A plasma globe operating in a darkened room
- It does not naturally occur on earth
- Ionized Atoms (Super-heated atoms)
Plasma
- A group of atoms cooled to within a hair of absolute zero
- When they reach that temperature the atoms are hardly moving relative to each other; they have almost no free energy to do so.
Bose-Einstein Condensate
Properties are constant throughout the sample (there is only one set of properties – physical and chemical properties)
Pure Substances
Substances that cannot be broken down to simpler components.
Elements
- Substance that can be broken down
to chemically simpler components - Two or more elements
compound
Two or pure substances that retain their identities and can be separated by physical method
mixture
Uniform compositions (it has only one phase). Examples: Solutions, blood (in the human body). o Exactsameconcentrations
homogenous mixture
Not Uniform composition (all throughout the mixture).
heterogenous
homogenous mixture of two or more substances in relative amounts that can be varied continuously up to what is called the limit of solubility
solutions
a heterogeneous mixture of a fluid that contains solid particles sufficiently large for sedimentation.
suspension
any substance consisting of particles substantially larger than atoms or ordinary molecules but too small to be visible to the unaided eye;
colloid
mixture of two or more liquids in which one is present as droplets, of microscopic or ultramicroscopic size
emulsions
Those it spreads across, maximizing contact
hydrophilic
- Those that naturally repel water, causing droplets to form
hydrophobic
do not depend on the amount of the substance present.
intensive physical properties
depend on the amount of matter being measured.
extensive physical property
Substance to react to form new substances; they include its flammability and susceptibility to corrosion
Chemical Properties
Scale of objects and events smaller than those that can be seen by the naked eye, requiring a lens or microscope to see them clearly.
microscopic
