Matter and Energy in Ecosystems Flashcards
Science
What is matter in Ecosystems?
All living and non-living things are made of matter. All matter is made of atoms. Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space.
What is energy flow?
The sun is the initial source of energy for all Ecosystems. Producers convert that sun’s energy into chemical energy that is passed along the food chain.
What is a producer?
Producer: An organism that is capable of producing food through the process of photosynthesis.
What is a consumer?
Consumer: An animal that gets energy by eating plants or other animals for food.
What is decompose?
Decompose: An organism such as bacteria or fungi that break down dead material and recycle nutrients back into the soil.
What is a food web?
A series of organisms connected by predator-prey and consumer-producer relationships. It includes many overlapping food chains to represent how energy moves though an ecosystem.
10% ENERGY RULE
What are the other 90% used for?
According to the “10% energy rule,” the other 90% of energy at each trophic level in an ecosystem is used by the organism for its life processes, like growth, reproduction, movement, and digestion, and is ultimately lost as heat to the environment, meaning it cannot be passed on to the next trophic level in the food chain.
What is a herbivore?
An planting animal
What is a carnivore?
A meat eating animal
How do plants harness energy from the sun to produce their own food energy?
Plants harness energy from the sun to produce their own food energy.
In what way do herbivores obtain energy from plants?
Herbivores (plant-eating animals) obtain this energy when they consume plants.
How do carnivores receive energy through their diet?
Carnivores (meat-eating animals) receive this energy by eating other animals.
