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Physical Science > Matter > Flashcards

Matter Flashcards

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1
Q

Describe the particle theory of matter

A

All matter is composed of particles. Particles have forces between them. Particles have spaces between them. Particles have energy and are in constant movement.

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2
Q

Why does the temperature remain constant during a phase change in matter?

A

The energy is used to change the forces between the particles.

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3
Q

Define gas pressure in a container

A

The rate at which the particles collide with the side of the container

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4
Q

Do these flashcards contain anything about the atomic model?

A

No

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5
Q

Outline radioctive decay

A

The emission of radioactive particles from unstable nuclei to make the nuclei more stable

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6
Q

Name the three isotopes of hydrogen

A
  • Protium
  • Deuterium
  • Tritium
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7
Q

State the mass numbers of two chlorine isotopes

A
  • 35

- 37

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8
Q

State the mass numbers of three uranium isotopes

A
  • 235
  • 237
  • 238
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9
Q

Name three uses of radioactive isotopes

A
  • Cancer treatment
  • Carbon dating
  • Power generations (nuclear power)
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10
Q

Now other way to ask this, than name 8 properties of alkali metals

A
  • Soft
  • Reactive with oxygen
  • Floats on water
  • Melting-and boiling points decrease down the group
  • Reactivity increases down the group
  • Most compounds white
  • Reacts with oxygen to form oxides
  • Reacts with water to form hydroxides
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11
Q

Name 5 properties of alkali-earth metals

A
  • Less reactive
  • Reactivity down the group increases
  • Reacts with oxygen to form oxides
  • Reacts with water to form hydroxides
  • White compounds
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12
Q

Name 6 general properties of halogens

A
  • Non-metals
  • Reactivity down the group decreases
  • Reacts with metals to form salts
  • Diatomic
  • Colour becomes darker down the group
  • State changes from gas to solid down the group
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13
Q

Name two properties and one use of flourine

A
  • Yellow gas
  • Poisonous
  • Added to toothpaste to reduce tooth decay
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14
Q

Name two properties and one use of chlorine

A
  • Green gas
  • Poisonous
  • Added to drinking water to kill bacteria
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15
Q

Name two properties and three uses of bromine

A
  • Brown liquid
  • Gives of poisonous vapour
  • Used in photography
  • Medicine
  • Disinfectants
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16
Q

Name one properties and two uses of noble gases

A
  • Unreactive
  • Used to fill lightbulbs
  • Used to full balloons
17
Q

Name 5 properties of transition metals

A
  • Metals (Duh)
  • Not very reactive
  • High melting point
  • High density
  • Coloured compounds
18
Q

Describe metallic bonding

A

An arrangement of positibe metal ions with delocalised electrons originating from the outer shells of the metal atoms

19
Q

Which type of bonding will occur between two atoms from groups IV and V?

A

Covalent bonding

20
Q

Name the two types of covalent bonds

A
  • Molecular

- Macromolecular

21
Q

Name three properties of molecular covalent bonds

A
  • Low melting point
  • Soft
  • Not conductive
22
Q

Name two macromolecular carbon allotropies

A
  • Diamond

- Graphite

23
Q

Name two properties of diamond

A
  • Hard (Rigid 3D structure)

- Does not conduct electricity (No free electrons)

24
Q

Name two properties of graphite

A
  • Soft (Weak van der Waals forces)

- Conductive (Delocalised electrons in structure)

25
Q

Name five properties of ionic bonds

A
  • Solid at room temperature
  • High melting and boiling points
  • Hard
  • Cannot conduct electricity in solid form
  • Conductive in liquid form
26
Q

Explain why ionic compounds are only conductive in liquid form

A

Ions in ionic compounds are only free to carry electricity if the compoud is molten or dissolved

27
Q

Name four properties of metallic compounds

A
  • High melting points
  • Conductive
  • Malleable and ductile
  • High densities

Physical Science (7 decks)

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