matter Flashcards
What is the particulate nature of matter?
A theory that states that matter is made up of particles
This concept underlies the understanding of matter in physics and chemistry.
What does the kinetic theory state?
Matter is made up of tiny particles which move all the time
This theory explains the behavior of solids, liquids, and gases.
What are the three states of matter?
- Solid
- Liquid
- Gas
What are the characteristics of solids?
- Particles tightly packed in a regular pattern
- Particles vibrate but do not move
- Fixed shape and volume
- Hard to compress
- Strong forces hold particles together
What are the characteristics of liquids?
- Particles take the shape of the bottom of the container
- Particles move about more than in solids
- Fixed volume but no fixed shape
- Difficult to compress, but not as difficult as solids
- Weaker forces hold particles together than in solids
- Particles have a small amount of kinetic energy
What are the characteristics of gases?
- Particles move about quickly
- Very little attraction between particles
- No fixed shape or volume
- Easily compressed
- Particles have a lot of kinetic energy
What must change to alter the state of matter?
The temperature and/or pressure must be changed
Changes in state include melting, freezing, evaporation, condensation, and sublimation.
What is melting also known as?
Fusion
What is the process of a solid turning into a liquid?
Melting (Fusion)
What is the process of a liquid turning into a solid?
Freezing
What is sublimation?
The process of a solid turning directly into a gas
What is deposition?
The process of a gas turning directly into a solid
What is evaporation?
The process of a liquid turning into a gas
What is condensation?
The process of a gas turning into a liquid
