separation techniques Flashcards
filtration
allows the separation of an insoluble liquid by allowing the liquid to pass through a porous tunnel
simple distilation
the dissolved solid (solute) is separated from the liquid which dissolves the substance (solvent)
evaporation
used to obtain a solute from a solution
decanting
sublimation
this is used to separate mixtures of solids where one of the solids will sublime and the others do not
chromotography
this allows the separation of colored solutes present in a solution
centrifugation
this reparates the solid and liquid suspension by spinning them quickly in a centrifuge
fractional distillation
this is used to separate miscible liquids
What is the method used to separate an insoluble solid from a liquid?
Filtration
Filtration allows the liquid to pass through a porous material.
What equipment is commonly used in the filtration process?
- Filter paper
- Funnel
- Conical Flask
- Residue
- Filtrate
These items are essential for conducting filtration effectively.
What does the term ‘residue’ refer to in filtration?
The insoluble solid left behind after filtration
Residue is collected on the filter paper.
What is the purpose of a funnel in the filtration process?
To direct the liquid into the conical flask while filtering
The funnel helps to avoid spills during filtration.
What is simple distillation used for?
To separate the components of a solution
This method separates the solute from the solvent.
In simple distillation, what is the dissolved solid substance called?
Solute
The solute is separated from the solvent during distillation.
In simple distillation, what is the liquid that dissolves the substance called?
Solvent
An example of a solvent is water in salt water.
