Matter Flashcards
1
Q
Name a(n) element.
A
Lead
2
Q
Name a(n) compound.
A
Salt
3
Q
Name a(n) monatomic element.
A
Helium
4
Q
Name a(n) diatomic element.
A
Iodine
5
Q
Name a(n) pure substance.
A
Sodium
6
Q
Name a(n) homogenous mixture.
A
Frosting
7
Q
Name a(n) heterogenous mixture.
A
Salad
8
Q
Name a(n) example of matter.
A
Desk
9
Q
What is the definition of matter?
A
The stuff of an object
10
Q
What is a pure substance?
A
Something that has 1 and only 1 identity. It can’t be separated by physical means.
11
Q
What is a element?
A
Made up of only 1 type of atom. Cannot be broken down further.
12
Q
What is the smallest unit of a element?
A
Atom
13
Q
What is a monatomic element?
A
Elements that exist as a single atom
14
Q
What are the monatomic elements?
A
He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn
15
Q
What is a diatomic element?
A
Elements that exist in pairs
16
Q
What are the diatomic elements?
A
H, N, O, F, Cl, Br, I
17
Q
What is a polyatomic element?
A
Elements that form crystals with more than 2 atoms
18
Q
What is a compound?
A
2 or more elements chemically combined
19
Q
What is the smallest unit of a compound?
A
Molecule
20
Q
Ratios matter with ____________.
A
Compounds
21
Q
What is a mixture?
A
Components do not lose their identity
22
Q
Ratios don’t matter with ___________.
A
Mixtures
23
Q
What is a heterogenous mixture?
A
Different throughout
24
Q
What is a homogeneous mixture?
A
Same throughout
25
What are the 5 physical means?
1. Evaporation
2. Distillation
3. Filtration/Sedimentation
4. Separating Funnel
5. Magnetic Separation
26
The number of capital letters equals the number of __________ in a compound.
Elements
27
H2O; the 2 is a ____________: meaning in 1 molecule of H2O there are 2H for every 1O.
Subscript
28
3H2O; the 3 is the ____________: this means there are 3 H2O molecules.
Coefficient
29
What are the 2 chemical means that can breakdown a compound?
Energy and React
30
A element and a compound both cannot be broken down by __________ _________.
Physical means
31
What are the smallest components of a mixture?
The pieces that go into it.
32
Can mixtures be broken down by physical means?
Yes
33
Do ratios matter with elements?
Huh, ratios aren't a thing with elements
34
What is a subscript?
The number of atoms in a specific element
35
What are physical properties?
Characteristics of a substance that can be observed without changing the substance into something else.
36
What are the two types of physical properties?
Intensive and Extensive
37
What are Intensive properties?
A description that doesn't depend on the amount of the substances
38
What are the 11 intensive properties?
- Color
- Boiling point
- Melting point
- Density
- Malleability
- Luster
- Conductivity
- Solubility
- Shape
- Texture
- Hardness
39
For an intensive property, if you change these you will get _________ substance.
Different
40
What is a Extensive property?
A description that does depend on the amount of the substance.
41
What are the 5 extensive properties?
- Weight/Mass
- Volume
- Length
- Width
Height
42
So, physical properties can give a substance __________, but it can also give ____________.
Identity and Function
43
What is a chemical property?
How a substance behaves in the presence of another substance, or in the presence of energy
44
What is Density?
It is the measure of how compact a substance is, or it is the ratio of mass to volume
45
How do you describe Density?
How much stuff is in how much space
46
The density of water is...
1 gram per mL
47
An object more dense than H2O will _____ in H2O.
Sink
48
The unit for density is...
g/mL
49
cc can stand for...
Density
50
What is mass?
- the stuff of any object
- unit is gram (g)
51
What is volume?
- the space an object occupies
- unit is mL or cm3
52
What is a physical change?
The appearance changes but the substance is the same stuff
53
Example of a physical change.
Crumpling a tissue
54
How do you know that it is a physical change?
It is still a tissue
55
What is a chemical change?
Changing the substance into something entirely different
56
Example of a chemical change.
Burning a tissue
57
How do you know that it is a chemical change?
It ends up as ashes
58
What are the 3 states of matter?
Solid, Liquid, and Gas
59
What is a solid?
Keeps its shape and volume
60
What is a liquid?
Shape of the container and same volume
61
What is a gas?
No fixed volume or shape
62
What kind of density do solids have?
High
63
What kind of density do liquids have?
Mostly High
64
What kind of density do gases have?
Low
65
Can you compress a solid?
No
66
Can you compress a liquid?
No
67
Can you compress a gas?
Yes
68
What is the attraction to other atoms like for a solid?
They are touching and they are locked
69
What is the attraction to other atoms like for a liquid?
In contact with their neighbors
70
What is the attraction to other atoms like for a gas?
Independent and far apart
71
What is the molecular motion of a solid?
Vibrate
72
What is the molecular motion of a liquid?
Roll over each other
73
What is the molecular motion of a gas?
Fast and random
74
Molecules don't get hotter, they get __________.
Faster
75
All elements and compounds can be solid, liquid, or gas at the _________ temperature.
Proper
76
H2O becomes a solid at...
Below O degrees C
77
H2O becomes a liquid at...
0 to 100 degrees C
78
H2O becomes a gas at...
100 degrees C
79
Gas to Solid is called...
Depostition
80
Solid to Liquid is called...
Melting
81
Liquid to solid is called...
Freezing
82
Liquid to Gas is called...
Vaporization
83
Gas to Liquid is called...
Condensation
84
Solid to Gas is called...
Sublimation
85
What does endothermic mean?
Add heat (warming it)
86
What does exothermic mean?
Removing heat (cooling it)
87
One identity?
Pure Substances
88
Can be separated by physical means?
Mixture
89
Found in nature as single atoms?
Monatomic
90
Measure of an object's inertia?
Matter
91
Mixture that is different throughout?
Heterogenous
92
Cannot be separated by chemical means?
Elements
93
Found in nature as more than two atoms?
Polyatomic
94
Two or more atoms chemically combined?
Compound
95
More than one identity?
Mixture
96
Found in nature in pairs?
Diatomic
97
Made of one type of atoms?
Elements
98
Made of highly charged particles at high temperatures?
Plasma
99
Mixture that is the same throughout?
Homogeneous
100
Definite volume but not definite shape?
Liquid
101
Fills any container it is placed in?
Gas
102
Flows?
Liquid, Gas
103
Definite volume and shape?
Solid
104
Atoms are far apart and move fast?
Gas
105
Atoms are close together and do not move much?
Liquid, Solid
106
Atoms will move faster when heated and slower when cooled?
Solid, Liquid, Gas
107
Good conductor of heat and electricity?
Physical
108
Shiny?
Physical
109
Forms green carbonate when in contact with air?
Chemical
110
Cooper can be pounded into a bowl?
Physical
111
Barium melts at 725 degrees C
Physical
112
Neon does not readily react with any other element?
Chemical
113
The density of mercury is 13.2 g/cm3?
Physical
