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Science > Matter > Flashcards

Matter Flashcards

1
Q

Name a(n) element.

A

Lead

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2
Q

Name a(n) compound.

A

Salt

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3
Q

Name a(n) monatomic element.

A

Helium

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4
Q

Name a(n) diatomic element.

A

Iodine

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5
Q

Name a(n) pure substance.

A

Sodium

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6
Q

Name a(n) homogenous mixture.

A

Frosting

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7
Q

Name a(n) heterogenous mixture.

A

Salad

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8
Q

Name a(n) example of matter.

A

Desk

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9
Q

What is the definition of matter?

A

The stuff of an object

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10
Q

What is a pure substance?

A

Something that has 1 and only 1 identity. It can’t be separated by physical means.

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11
Q

What is a element?

A

Made up of only 1 type of atom. Cannot be broken down further.

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12
Q

What is the smallest unit of a element?

A

Atom

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13
Q

What is a monatomic element?

A

Elements that exist as a single atom

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14
Q

What are the monatomic elements?

A

He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn

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15
Q

What is a diatomic element?

A

Elements that exist in pairs

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16
Q

What are the diatomic elements?

A

H, N, O, F, Cl, Br, I

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17
Q

What is a polyatomic element?

A

Elements that form crystals with more than 2 atoms

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18
Q

What is a compound?

A

2 or more elements chemically combined

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19
Q

What is the smallest unit of a compound?

A

Molecule

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20
Q

Ratios matter with ____________.

A

Compounds

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21
Q

What is a mixture?

A

Components do not lose their identity

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22
Q

Ratios don’t matter with ___________.

A

Mixtures

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23
Q

What is a heterogenous mixture?

A

Different throughout

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24
Q

What is a homogeneous mixture?

A

Same throughout

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25
Q

What are the 5 physical means?

A
  1. Evaporation
  2. Distillation
  3. Filtration/Sedimentation
  4. Separating Funnel
  5. Magnetic Separation
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26
Q

The number of capital letters equals the number of __________ in a compound.

A

Elements

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27
Q

H2O; the 2 is a ____________: meaning in 1 molecule of H2O there are 2H for every 1O.

A

Subscript

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28
Q

3H2O; the 3 is the ____________: this means there are 3 H2O molecules.

A

Coefficient

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29
Q

What are the 2 chemical means that can breakdown a compound?

A

Energy and React

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30
Q

A element and a compound both cannot be broken down by __________ _________.

A

Physical means

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31
Q

What are the smallest components of a mixture?

A

The pieces that go into it.

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32
Q

Can mixtures be broken down by physical means?

A

Yes

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33
Q

Do ratios matter with elements?

A

Huh, ratios aren’t a thing with elements

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34
Q

What is a subscript?

A

The number of atoms in a specific element

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35
Q

What are physical properties?

A

Characteristics of a substance that can be observed without changing the substance into something else.

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36
Q

What are the two types of physical properties?

A

Intensive and Extensive

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37
Q

What are Intensive properties?

A

A description that doesn’t depend on the amount of the substances

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38
Q

What are the 11 intensive properties?

A
  • Color
  • Boiling point
  • Melting point
  • Density
  • Malleability
  • Luster
  • Conductivity
  • Solubility
  • Shape
  • Texture
  • Hardness
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39
Q

For an intensive property, if you change these you will get _________ substance.

A

Different

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40
Q

What is a Extensive property?

A

A description that does depend on the amount of the substance.

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41
Q

What are the 5 extensive properties?

A
  • Weight/Mass
  • Volume
  • Length
  • Width
    Height
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42
Q

So, physical properties can give a substance __________, but it can also give ____________.

A

Identity and Function

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43
Q

What is a chemical property?

A

How a substance behaves in the presence of another substance, or in the presence of energy

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44
Q

What is Density?

A

It is the measure of how compact a substance is, or it is the ratio of mass to volume

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45
Q

How do you describe Density?

A

How much stuff is in how much space

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46
Q

The density of water is…

A

1 gram per mL

47
Q

An object more dense than H2O will _____ in H2O.

A

Sink

48
Q

The unit for density is…

A

g/mL

49
Q

cc can stand for…

A

Density

50
Q

What is mass?

A
  • the stuff of any object
  • unit is gram (g)
51
Q

What is volume?

A
  • the space an object occupies
  • unit is mL or cm3
52
Q

What is a physical change?

A

The appearance changes but the substance is the same stuff

53
Q

Example of a physical change.

A

Crumpling a tissue

54
Q

How do you know that it is a physical change?

A

It is still a tissue

55
Q

What is a chemical change?

A

Changing the substance into something entirely different

56
Q

Example of a chemical change.

A

Burning a tissue

57
Q

How do you know that it is a chemical change?

A

It ends up as ashes

58
Q

What are the 3 states of matter?

A

Solid, Liquid, and Gas

59
Q

What is a solid?

A

Keeps its shape and volume

60
Q

What is a liquid?

A

Shape of the container and same volume

61
Q

What is a gas?

A

No fixed volume or shape

62
Q

What kind of density do solids have?

A

High

63
Q

What kind of density do liquids have?

A

Mostly High

64
Q

What kind of density do gases have?

A

Low

65
Q

Can you compress a solid?

A

No

66
Q

Can you compress a liquid?

A

No

67
Q

Can you compress a gas?

A

Yes

68
Q

What is the attraction to other atoms like for a solid?

A

They are touching and they are locked

69
Q

What is the attraction to other atoms like for a liquid?

A

In contact with their neighbors

70
Q

What is the attraction to other atoms like for a gas?

A

Independent and far apart

71
Q

What is the molecular motion of a solid?

A

Vibrate

72
Q

What is the molecular motion of a liquid?

A

Roll over each other

73
Q

What is the molecular motion of a gas?

A

Fast and random

74
Q

Molecules don’t get hotter, they get __________.

A

Faster

75
Q

All elements and compounds can be solid, liquid, or gas at the _________ temperature.

A

Proper

76
Q

H2O becomes a solid at…

A

Below O degrees C

77
Q

H2O becomes a liquid at…

A

0 to 100 degrees C

78
Q

H2O becomes a gas at…

A

100 degrees C

79
Q

Gas to Solid is called…

A

Depostition

80
Q

Solid to Liquid is called…

A

Melting

81
Q

Liquid to solid is called…

A

Freezing

82
Q

Liquid to Gas is called…

A

Vaporization

83
Q

Gas to Liquid is called…

A

Condensation

84
Q

Solid to Gas is called…

A

Sublimation

85
Q

What does endothermic mean?

A

Add heat (warming it)

86
Q

What does exothermic mean?

A

Removing heat (cooling it)

87
Q

One identity?

A

Pure Substances

88
Q

Can be separated by physical means?

A

Mixture

89
Q

Found in nature as single atoms?

A

Monatomic

90
Q

Measure of an object’s inertia?

A

Matter

91
Q

Mixture that is different throughout?

A

Heterogenous

92
Q

Cannot be separated by chemical means?

A

Elements

93
Q

Found in nature as more than two atoms?

A

Polyatomic

94
Q

Two or more atoms chemically combined?

A

Compound

95
Q

More than one identity?

A

Mixture

96
Q

Found in nature in pairs?

A

Diatomic

97
Q

Made of one type of atoms?

A

Elements

98
Q

Made of highly charged particles at high temperatures?

A

Plasma

99
Q

Mixture that is the same throughout?

A

Homogeneous

100
Q

Definite volume but not definite shape?

A

Liquid

101
Q

Fills any container it is placed in?

A

Gas

102
Q

Flows?

A

Liquid, Gas

103
Q

Definite volume and shape?

A

Solid

104
Q

Atoms are far apart and move fast?

A

Gas

105
Q

Atoms are close together and do not move much?

A

Liquid, Solid

106
Q

Atoms will move faster when heated and slower when cooled?

A

Solid, Liquid, Gas

107
Q

Good conductor of heat and electricity?

A

Physical

108
Q

Shiny?

A

Physical

109
Q

Forms green carbonate when in contact with air?

A

Chemical

110
Q

Cooper can be pounded into a bowl?

A

Physical

111
Q

Barium melts at 725 degrees C

A

Physical

112
Q

Neon does not readily react with any other element?

A

Chemical

113
Q

The density of mercury is 13.2 g/cm3?

A

Physical

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