Atoms Flashcards
What are the 3 parts of an atom?
Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons
Where is the location of a Proton?
In the nucleus
Where is the location of a Neutron?
In the nucleus
Where is the location of an Electron?
In the electron cloud
What is the charge of a Proton?
Positive
What is the charge of a Neutron?
Neutral
What is the charge of an Electron?
Negative
What is the size of a Proton?
1 amu
What is the size of a Neutron?
1 amu
What is the size of an Electron?
Virtually massless
What is the function of a Proton?
Gives the atom its identity
What is the function of a Neutron?
Gives the atom stability
What is the function of an Electron?
Where bonding with the other atoms happens
Does the number of Protons have to equal the number of Neutrons?
No
_________ - _________ = Number of Neutrons
Mass Number (rounded), Number of Protons
We will always round the atomic mass to the nearest…
Whole Number
If the number to the right of the decimal is 0-4 then…
round down
If the number to the right of the decimal is 5-9 then…
round up
Two or more atoms of the same element with a different number of Neutrons is an…
Isotope
On the Periodic Table of Elements, the atomic mass is written on the…
Bottom
On the Periodic Table of Elements, the atomic number is written on the…
Top
Electrons can _______ and ______ the atom fairly easily.
Enter, Exit
Protons and Neutrons never…
Leave
Electrons always fill an atom starting with the…
Lowest Energy Spots
What do atoms want?
A full outer shell
The outer shell is called…
the Valence shell
Electrons always fill based on…
Energy
Except for the first shell which only holds 2 electrons, the Valence shell is filled with…
8 Electrons
What column on the periodic table has elements with a full outer shell?
The last one
Know this: it goes from left to right, what the charge of an element will be
+1, +2, +3, + or -4, -3, -2, -1, none
Great Job
A negative charge means…
I gained a(n) electron
A positive charge means…
I lost a(n) electron
Change the number of Protons and you get…
A new element
Change the number of Electrons and you get…
Ion
Change the number of Neutrons and you get…
Isotope
A positive ion is called a…
Cation
A negative ion is called a…
Anion
