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Chemistry > Matter > Flashcards

Matter Flashcards

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1
Q

What is matter?

A

Anything which has mass, occupies space and can be perceived by our senses.

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2
Q

What were the five elements that Indian philosophers believed made up all kinds of matter?

A

Sky, air, fire, water and earth

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3
Q

Who suggested that matter is made up of tiny particles called Anu?

A

Maharishi kannada

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4
Q

Who named parmanu as atom?

A

A Greek thinker democritus

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5
Q

What did John Dalton suggest?

A

He suggested that all kinds of matter are made up of extremely small particles called atoms.

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6
Q

What is atom?

A

An atom is the smallest particle of matter that exhibits all the properties of that matter. They do not have independent existence.

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7
Q

What is molecule?

A

Atoms combine with each other to form small particles called molecules. They have independent existence.

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8
Q

How many particles of water does a drop of water contain?

A

10²¹ particles of water

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9
Q

What are the states of matter?

A

Solids, liquids, and gases

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10
Q

What characteristics does a solid have in terms of shape and volume?

A

It has a definite shape and a definite volume

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11
Q

What characteristics does a liquid have in terms of shape and volume?

A

It has a definite volume but no definite shape

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12
Q

What characteristics does a liquid have in terms of shape and volume?

A

It has a definite volume but no definite shape

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13
Q

What characteristics does a gas have in terms of shape and volume?

A

It has neither a definite volume not a definite shape

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14
Q

What is the kinetic theory of matter?

A

This theory explains the existence of three states of matter, their characteristic properties and the interconversion of matter from one state into another.

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15
Q

Who first showed the constant motion of particles of matter?

A

Robert brown

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16
Q

Robert brown suspended some pollen grains in water and looked into the water…… irregular manner. Why were the pollen grains moving in an irregular manner?

A

This is because water is made up of tiny particles which are also in random motion. The pollen grains move on such a way because they collide with the moving particles of water.

17
Q

What is brownian motion?

A

The zig zag random Motion of suspended particles on the surface of a liquid or in air is called brownian motion.

18
Q

What is diffusion?

A

The intermixing of two or more substances due to the motion of their particles in order to get a uniform mixture is called diffusion.

19
Q

What is intermolecular space?

A

The space between the particles of matter is called intermolecular force of attraction.

20
Q

A piece of chalk can be broken easily but a piece of coal can’t be broken easily. Why?

A

Because a piece of chalk has weaker intermolecular force of attraction than the piece of coal.

21
Q

What is intermolecular space?

A
22
Q

What is intermolecular force of attraction?

A

The force of attraction between the particles of matter is called intermolecular force of attraction.

23
Q

What is kinetic energy?

A

The energy possessed by a body due to its motion is called kinetic energy.

24
Q

Define:- interconversion of states of matter

A

The phenomenon of change of one state of matter into another and then back to the original state, without any change in it’s chemical composition is called interconversion of states of matter.

25
Q

What caused the change in the state of matter?

A

Change in Temperature and change in pressure

26
Q

How and why do the changes take place?

A

When a substance in solid state is heated, its constituent particles gain Kinetic energy and start vibrating vigorously. Eventually a stage is reached at which particles gain enough energy to overcome the forces of attraction between them and they start moving, this changing into liquid state from the solid state. On further heating, the force of attraction becomes negligible, increasing the intermolecular space and ultimately the liquid state changes into its gaseous state.

27
Q

Why do certain solids sublime?

A

They have a weaker intermolecular force of attraction in comparison to other solids. On heating they acquire the kinetic energy of their vapour phase faster.

28
Q

What is deposition?

A

The process of changing directly from the gaseous to solid state without passing through the liquid state is called deposition.

29
Q

What is melting/fusion?

A

The process by which a substance changes from solid state to liquid state is called melting/fusion.

30
Q

Melting point

A

The fixed temperature at which a solid changes into a liquid upon heating at atmospheric pressure is called its melting point.

31
Q

Evaporation

A

The process by which a substance changes from its liquid state to it’s vapour state is called evaporation or vaporization.

32
Q

Condensation

A

The process by which a substance in gaseous state changes into its liquid state is called condensation.

33
Q

Liquefaction

A

The process by which a gas is changed into its liquid state by applying pressure and lowering its Temperature is called liquefaction.

34
Q

Freezing

A

The process by which a substance in liquid state changes into a solid state is called freezing or solidification.

35
Q

Sublimation

A

The process by which certain substances change directly from solid to gaseous state on heating is called sublimation.

36
Q

BaCl2 (barium chloride) + Na2SO4 (sodium sulphate)

A

BaSO4 (barium sulphate) + 2NaCl ( sodium chloride)

37
Q

NaHCO3 (BAKING SODA) + CH3COOH (VINEGER)

A

CO2( CARBON DIOXIDE) + CH3COONa (sodium acetate) + H2O (WATER)

38
Q

Why is the mass of ash less than that of wood?

A

This is because the mass of air before the reaction and the mass of gaseous products formed after the reaction are not taken into consideration.

39
Q

When magnisium ribbon is burnt in air, a white solid is formed whose mass is more than the mass of magnesium.

A

This is because the mass of oxygen used is not considered.

Chemistry (6 decks)

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