Matter Flashcards

1
Q

Anything that occupies space and has mass.

A

Matter

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2
Q

The sequence of matter

A

Matter-Atoms-Atomic Nucleus- (Proton + Neutrons) - Nucleons

Matter-Atoms-Electron Shell-Electrons

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3
Q

Collective term for protons and neutrons are the particles found in the nucleus of atoms.

A

Nucleons

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4
Q

Classification of Matter

A

Element
Compound
Mixture

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5
Q

What is an element?

A

➢simplest form
➢ one (1) kind of material
➢PURE chemical substance

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6
Q

What is a compound?

A

➢ 2 or more elements are chemically combined in definite proportion

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7
Q

What is a mixture?

A

➢2 or more substances that are not chemically combined
➢individual identities are retained

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8
Q

Classification of Mixture

A

Homogeneous
Heterogeneous

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9
Q

Homogeneous

A

1 phase solution

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10
Q

Heterogeneous

A

2 phases: suspension and colloids

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11
Q

Properties of Matter

A

Extrinsic/ Extensive Property
Intrinsic / Intensive Property

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12
Q

Extrinsic/ Extensive Property definition and examples

A

Dependent

Length, mass/weight, volume, entropy, enthalpy, electrical resistance

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13
Q

Intrinsic / Intensive Property definition and examples

A

Independent

Density, specific gravity, viscosity, temperature, pressure, color, odor, velocity, refractive index

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14
Q

What is the shape, volume, and molecular motion of solid?

A

Shape: Definite
Volume: Definite
Motion of Solid: Vibration but cannot move

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15
Q

What is the shape, volume, and molecular motions of liquid?

A

Shape: Indefinite
Volume: Definite
Molecular Motion: Gliding

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16
Q

What is the shape, volume, and molecular motion of gas?

A

Shape: Indefinite
Volume: Indefinite
Molecular Motion: Random and constant (Vibrate freely at high speed)

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17
Q

What is the shape, volume, and molecular motion of plasma?

A

Shape: Indefinite
Volume: Indefinite
Molecular Motion: Random and constant (Vibrate freely at high speed)

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18
Q

It is the most abundant state of matter and electrically conductive.

A

Plasma

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19
Q

Give examples of plasma

A

Sun, Stars, Aurora, Neon lights, Lightning

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20
Q

What are the changes of matter?

A

Physical
Chemical
Nuclear

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21
Q

Solid-Liquid

A

Melting

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22
Q

Liquid-Solid

A

Freezing

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23
Q

Liquid-Gas

A

Evaporation

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24
Q

Gas-Liquid

A

Condensation

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25
Q

Gas-Plasma

A

Ionization

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26
Q

Plasma-Gas

A

Deionization

27
Q

Solid-Gas

A

Sublimation

27
Q

Solid-Gas

A

Sublimation

28
Q

Gas-Solid

A

Deposition

29
Q

What is the evidence of chemical change?

A

Formation of a precipitate
Evolution of gas

30
Q

What are the types of chemical reaction?

A

Direct Union/Synthesis
Decomposition
Single Displacement
Double Displacement

31
Q

Generic equation of synthesis

A

A + B →AB

32
Q

Generic equation of decomposition

A

AB →A + B

33
Q

Generic equation of single displacement

A

A + BC →AC + B

34
Q

Generic equation of double displacement

A

AB + CD →AC + BD

35
Q

What are the nuclear changes of matter?

A

Fission and Fusion

36
Q

Fission means ____

A

Splits

37
Q

Fusion means _____

A

Union

38
Q

P or C
1. Shredding of paper
2. Bending a metal
3. Formation of a precipitate
4. Mixing candles
5. Burning of wood

A

P
P
C
P
C

39
Q

Composed of nucleus, and surrounded by electrons

A

Atoms

40
Q

Nucleus

A

➢Neutron- uncharged
➢Proton- (+) charge

41
Q

Electron Shell

A

➢Electrons- (-) charge

42
Q

How to get the mass number?

A

Protons + Neutrons

43
Q

How to get the atomic number?

A

Number of protons

44
Q

How to get the electrons?

A

Atomic number and its charge

45
Q

How to get the neutrons?

A

Mass number - # of protons

46
Q

Who proposed the planetary model?

A

Neil Bohr

47
Q

Quantitative description of electronic structure and electrons orbit in a positively charged nucleus

A

Planetary Model

48
Q

Who is the founder of QUANTUM MECHANICAL MODEL?

A

Erwin Schrodinger

49
Q

Electrons move in a 3D space called ELECTRON CLOUD which represents the probable location of electron

A

Quantum Mechanical Model

50
Q

Schrodinger “Quantum model” asserts that electromagnetic radiation like x-rays, gamma rays, radio waves and light rays are made up of small bits of energy.
What quantum number gives the orbital angular momentum and describes the shape of the orbital?

a. Principal quantum number
b. Azimuthal quantum number
c. Magnetic quantum number
d. Spin quantum number

A

B.

51
Q

Four types of Quantum Numbers

A

Principal (n)
Angular/ Azimuthal (l)
Magnetic (ml)
Spin (ms)

52
Q

According to this electron principle, no two electrons
will have the same set of quantum number

A. Aufbau principle
B. Pauli’s Exclusion Theory
C. Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Theory
D. Hund’s rule

A

B

53
Q

Built by filling of energy from lower to higher level.

A

AUFBAU PRINCIPLE

54
Q

No two electrons will have the same set of quantum numbers.

A

PAULI EXCLUSION

55
Q

Orbitals are filled up singly before pairing up.

A

HUND’S RULE

56
Q

Ability to attract electrons

A

Electronegativity (EN)

57
Q

What is the most electronegative? S,P,D,F?

A

F

58
Q

Energy required to remove electron in a neutral atom to make it positive (+)

A

Ionization Energy

59
Q

energy released when a neutral atom gain extra electron to make it negative (-)

A

Electron Affinity (EA)

60
Q

Left to Right. Increasing or Decreasing?

A

Increasing

61
Q

Bottom to Top. Increasing or decreasing?

A

Increasing

62
Q

Half of the distance between two nuclei

A

Atomic Radius (AR)

63
Q

Francium: most metallic

A

Metallic Character