MATTER Flashcards
ANYTHING THAT HAS MASS AND TAKES PLACE IS A ?
MATTER, IT MATTERS!!
THREE STATES OF MATTER
SOLID, LIQUID, GAS
3 PROPERTIES OF MATTER PARTICLES THAT ALLOWS US TO DISTINGUISH THE STATE OF MATTER
- DISTANCE
- FORCE OF ATTRACTION, WHERE F=k 1/d^2
- KINETIC ENERGY
2 PROPERTIES OF MATTER
CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTY
2 SUB PROPERTIES OF PHYSICAL PROPERTY
INTENSIVE PROPERTY- AMOUNT OF SUBSTANCE CHANGE DOES NOT AFFEC THIS KIND OF PROPERTIES (COLOR, LUSTER, HARDNESS, ETC)
EXTENSIVE PROPERTY- PROPERTY THAT DEPENDS ON THE AMOUNT OF SUBSTANCE (VOLUME, MASS WEIGHT, LENGTH, ETC )
PROPERTY OF A SUBSTANCE CAPABLE OF BEING REDUCED IN VOLUME BY APPLICATION OF PRESSURE WHICH IS QUANTITATIVELY THE RECIPROCAL OF BULK MODULUS
compressibility
4th state of matter, an ionized gas where atoms or molecules which have one or more orbital electrons stripped, and free electrons. allowing ion and electrons to coexist. 99.99% of the universe is in this state of matter
PLASMA
elements that are stable as single atoms.
monoatomic molecules
name the monoatomic gasses
HE NEEDS A KRAZY XEROX REPAIRMAN!
helium (He), neon (Ne), argon (Ar), krypton (Kr), xenon (Xe), radon (Rn), and oganesson (Og).
molecules composed of only two atoms.
diatomic molecules
7 diatomic gasses
HAVE NO FEAR OF ICE COLD BEER
hydrogen (H), oxygen (O), nitrogen (N), fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), and iodine (I)
the IDEAL GAS LAW
PV=nRT
P= PRESSURE
V=VOLUME
n=number of moles= [(m)/(MW)] mass over molecular weight.
R=IDEAD GAS CONSTANT
R = 0.0821 (L)(atm)/(mol)(K) - NOT IN CALCULATOR ( USE IF PRESSURE IS IN ATM, & V IN LITERS)
R = 8.314 (J)(mol)/(K) - IN CALCULATOR (CONST)(27)
(USE IF THE P & V IS IN SI UNITS which is (N/m^2)(m^3)= J )
R= 8.314X10^7 (erg)/(mol)(K) - ( use if P&V is in CGS system where P is in dynes/cm^2 and V is in cm^3)
T=ABSOLUTE TEMP.
if the number of moles & the tempreature is constant
in the ideal has law, ________ is then derived.
BOYLES LAW,
PV=k THEN,
P1V1=P2V2
IN THE IDEAL GAS LAW, AT CONSTANT PRESSURE. ______ IS DERIVED
CHARLES LAW
V/T =k THEN, V1/T1=V2/T2
IN THE IDEAL GAS LAW, AT CONTANT VOLUME ______ IS DERIVED.
GAY-LUSSAC’S LAW
Pk=kT = P/T=k, THEN P1/T1=P2/T2
COMBINATION OF CHARLES’, BOYLE’S & GAY LUSSAC’S LAWS.
COMBINES GAS LAW
PV/T=k P1V1/T1=P2V2/T2
AT CONSTANT PRESSURE AND TEMPERATURE, WITH VARYING NUMBER OF MOLES. _____ IS DERIVED.
PV=nRT
Vk=nK
V/n=k THEN, V1/n1=V2/n2
AVOGADROS LAW!!!
in a mixture of non-reacting gases, the total pressure exerted is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the individual gases
dalton’s law
Ptotal= P1+P2+P3………
STP CONDITION
STANDARD TEMP & PRESSURE!!!!
T= 273K
P= 1atm
1 mol = 22.4L (AS LONG IS WE HAVE 1 mol OF ANY GAS V IS 22.4L)
R in (PV=nRT) = 0.0821 (L)(atm)/(mol)(K) - NOT IN CALCULATOR ( USE IF PRESSURE IS IN ATM, & V IN LITERS)
PROCESS WHERE PARTICLES MOVE FROM HIGHER CONCENTRATION TO LOWER CONCENTRATION
DIFFUSION
PROPERTIES THAT AFFECTS THE RATE OF DIFFUSION
TEMPERATURE
VISCOSITY
SIZE OF PARTICLE
Is a mixture in which the composition is uniform throughout the mixture.
homogenous mixture
formula for rate of diffusion
amount of gas passing through an area / unit of time
refers to the movement of gas through a small opening.
EFFUSION
*DIFFERENT GAS HAS DIFFERENT RATE OF EFFUSION
