Matt Edition Flashcards
Break or crunch in a bone
Fracture
Person’s body used as a splint
Anatomical splint
Something soft used as a splint
Soft splint
Wound caused by rubbing or scraping away of the skin
Abrasion
Tired, unproductive person
Grey cloud
Build up of sleep deficits across time
sleep debt
Deep sleep with dreams
REM sleep
When do you use SAMPLE?
When there are no life-threatening injuries
How deep should chest compressions be?
2 inches
Fracture with a break in the skin
open fracture
Fracture with no break in the Skin
closed fracture
Cut caused by a sharp edged object
Incision
There are approximately _______ pints of blood per _______ pound
2,25
Best chance of survival for a victim of cardiac arrest is in the first…
4 minutes
Part of sleep when the body slows down
NREM sleep
Relaxation of tongue, causing breathing difficulty
sleep apnea
Max Heart Rate (MHR)
220 (teenager)
A range of states with physical, mental, emotional, spiritual, and social components
Health
Optimal health
wellness
Force that moves people to act
motavation
2 Types of Motivation
natural and learned
Long term decision made
commitment
average number of years people are expected to live
life expectancy
Physical and mental well-being and the ways people respond to their environment
quality of life
Hours of Sleep People Need By Age
Newborn: 17-18, 5 Years: 10-12, Avg. Young Adult: 8-10
How many meals should you eat per day?
5-6 small meals, needs change depending on many variables
Leading Cause of Death Over 65 Years of Age
Heart disease
3 Reasons to Move an Injured Person
To avoid immediate danger, to get to a more seriously injured person, or to give proper care
Steps taken to prevent the spread of disease
Universal precautions
3 Universal Precautions
Wash hands, wear a face mask, layer gloves
4 Life Threatening Conditions A-B-C’S
Airway, Breathing, Circulation, Severely bleeding
2 Populations Chest Thrusts Shouldn’t Be Used On
obese, preggers
4 Steps For Checking an Unconscious Adult in Order
Check scene, Tap and shoot “Are you alright?”, Call 991 and get an AED, Check for signs of life
AED stands for
Automatic External Defibrillators
What does SAMPLE stand for?
Signs and symptoms, Allergies, Medications, Past medical history, Last time ate or drank, Events leading up to incident;
How do you open the airway?
Tilt head and lift chin
How long should you check for signs of life?
No more tha 10 seconds
Signal used by the victim to show they are choking
Universal Distress Signal
Bloating of the stomach due to air coming into the body too quickly and going into it
Gastric Distention
How do you minimize the risk of gastric distention
give a slow breath
What do you do after 5 cycles?
Re-check for signs of life
What age is someone considered an adult for CPR?
12 and older
How fast should you give chest compressions?
100-120 bpm
What is the ratio of compressions to breaths?
30-2
Overstretching of muscles or tendons
strain
Tough tissue that connects muscles to bones
tendons
Injury to the ligaments and soft tissue around a joint caused by undue stretching
sprain
Fibers that connect bones together
ligaments
Movement of a bone from its joints
dislocation
Face up
prone
Face down
supine
On side
recovery
How do you deal with a dislocated finger
Apply ice, immobilize, and go to doctor
What should you not do if you have a bone out of its joint?
Pull it out
What does RICE stand for?
Rest, Immobilize, Cold, Elevate
When should you use RICE?
When caring for a muscle, bone, or joint injury
Something hard used as a splint
Rigid Splint
Wound in which damage is done to soft tissue and blood vessels so there is bleeding under the skin
bruise
Cut that causes a jagged or irregular tearing of the skin
Laceration
Wound in which the skin or other body tissues were separated or tore away
Avulsion
Wound that is produced when something pierces the skin
puncture
Bright red blood because it is oxygenated
Arterial blood
Darker blood
Venous Blood
5 Steps to Splinting
Support the injured area, Check circulation, Place splint, Tie splint in place, Re-check circulation
3 Signs a Victim is Internally Bleeding
Cool, moist, or bluish green, Vomiting or coughing up blood, Tender, swollen, bruising, or hardness of the body
Steps to Control Bleeding
Cover with a dressing and press firmly with direct pressure, Elevate injury, Add extra dressing until bleeding stops
When a victim is in shock, the circulatory system fails to…
Deliver blood to all parts of the body
What should you do for a victim experiencing a seizure?
Don’t hold or restrain victim, don’t place anything in their mouth, remove objects that may cause injury
5 Things You Must Do For Protection From the Good Samaritan Law
Get consent, Call 911 and get an AED, Check for life-threatening injuries, Don’t move the victim unless necessary, Don’t abandon the victim
5 Links of the Cardiac Chain of Survival in Order
Early recognition and access to emergency system, Early CPR, Early AED, Early advanced life support, Integrated post-cardiac arrest care
Why do people have the best chance of survival of cardiac arrest in the first 4 minutes
People have 4 minutes of stored oxygen
Breathing and circulation stop; Sets in in 4-6 minute
Clinical Death
Brain activity stops; Sets in in 10 minutes
Biological death
Death of cardiac muscle to heart due to a blockage
Heart attack
Signs of Heart Attack
Chest pain, sweating, nausea, shortness of breath, or ill feeling
When the heart stops following a heart attack or blockage
Cardiac arrest
When the heart stops suddenly
Sudden cardiac arrest
When breathing stops
Respatory arrest
Circulatory system fails to deliver blood to all parts of body
shock
Shock of diabetic people when they have no insulin
insulin shock
Shock from a sudden injury
traumatic shock
Shock from an allergic reaction
Anaphylactic Shock
Interruption of the electrical systems of the brain
seizure
Lack of oxygen in the brain
stroke
What does FAST stand for and what should you do at each step
Weakness or numbness in the Face or Arms, Bad Speech, Note Time of syptoms
When should you use FAST?
When caring for someone having a stroke
Most common abnormal heart rhythm
V-Fib
When does V-Fib occur?
When the ventricles quiver and electrical impulses fire at random
What does V-Fib stand for?
Ventricle Fibrillation
What does V-Tach stand for?
Ventricle Tachycardia
When does V-Tach occur?
When the ventricles fire too quickly
What is the age and weight someone is considered an adult for having an AED used on them?
9 years or older or over 55 pounds
7 Risk Factors of Diseases You Can Control
Cholesterol, Diet, Tobacco, Weight, Activity, Stress, and Blood Pressure
4 Risk Factors of Diseases You Can’t Control
Age, Gender, Race, Genetics
3 Parts of the Health Triangle
Mental-Emotional, Physical, Family-Social
Actual Age in Years
Chronological Age
Estimated age from body’s health and life expectancy
Physiological Age
Describe someone with good Mental-Emotional Health
Strong sense of self, Accepting of new ideas, Recognizes emotional problems, Feels life has meaning
Describe someone with good Physical Health
Regular doctor visits, Avoids harmful behavior, Aware of infectious diseases, Prevents lifestyle diseases, Sleeps, Maintains a good weight, physical fitness, and diet
Passable disease
Infectious Disease
Disease that can’t be spread
Lifestyle Disease
Describe someone with good Family-Social Health
Develops friendships, Helps others, Strong bond with family, Socializes well
Fixed behaviors that you use automatically
Habit
Healthful Behaviors
Behaviors that promote health ,improve it, and prevent injury
Risk Behaviors
Behaviors that threaten health and can cause injury
Motivation from drives or instincts
Natural Motivation
Motivation from intrinsic or extrinsic sources
Learned Motivation
For you
Intrinsic
For a reward
Extrinsic
Difficulty falling or staying asleep
Insomnia
When people fall asleep suddenly
Narcolepsy
Nearly irresistible urge to move the legs, especially in the evening
Restless-Leg syndrome
Target Heart Rate
65-85% of MHR
When does sleep debt become a major problem?
When it reaches 20 hrs. per week
What does FITT stand for?
Frequency, Intensity, Time, Type
What is FITT used for?
Obtaining benefits from physical activity
Underweight BMI
Less than 18.5
Healthy BMI
18.5-14.9
Overweight BMI
25-29.9
