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Block One > MATS 104-C > Flashcards

MATS 104-C Flashcards

1
Q

CARs 602.31 Compliance with Air Traffic Control Instructions and Clearances

the pilot-in command of an aircraft shall:

A

(1) Subject to subsection (3), the pilot-in command of an aircraft shall

 (a) comply with and acknowledge, to the appropriate air traffic control unit, all of the air traffic control instructions directed to and received by the pilot-in-command; and 
 (b) comply with all of the air traffic control clearances received and accepted by the pilot-in-command and

***know this^^^^^ below not so much

      (i) subject to subsection (2), in the case of an IFR flight, read back to the appropriate air traffic control unit the text of any air traffic control clearance received, and 
      (ii) in the case of a VFR flight, read back to the appropriate air traffic control unit the text of any air traffic control clearance received, when so requested by the air traffic control unit.

(2) Except if requested to do so by an air traffic control unit, the pilot-in-command of an IFR aircraft is not required to read back the text of an air traffic control clearance pursuant to paragraph (1)(b)(i) where

 (a) the air traffic control clearance is received on the ground by the pilot-in-command before departing from a controlled aerodrome in respect of which a standard instrument departure procedure is specified in the Canada Air Pilot; or 
 (b) the receipt of the air traffic control clearance is acknowledged by the pilot-in-command by electronic means.
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2
Q

FL

A

Flight Level

An altitude expressed in hundreds of feet indicated on an altimeter set to 29.92 inches of mercury or 1013.2 hectopascals

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3
Q

There are two ways a controller can determine the current altitude of an aircraft:

A

i. Ask the pilot for their current altitude.
ii. Look at the aircraft’s data tag on the situation display.

To ensure that altitude information is correct, controllers use a combination of both these methods. Normally a controller looks at the flight data tag on the display and observes the altitude. When the aircraft reports the altitude, the controller compares the two pieces of information for accuracy.

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4
Q

If required and not provided on initial contact…

A

ask the pilot to verify altitude.

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5
Q

If required, instruct a pilot to report:

A
  • leaving an altitude “REPORT LEAVING”
  • Passing an altitude “REPORT PASSING”
  • Reaching an altitude “REPORT REACHING”

If an altitude report is necessary during a step-down procedure, you should specify an altitude that is 2000 feet or more from the altitude to which the aircraft has been cleared.

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6
Q

Consider an aircraft to be maintaining an altitude when

A

Its altitude readout is within 200 feet of its assigned altitude

Note: This is a key rule. It tells you that when an aircraft reports its altitude, you must correlate it immediately with the data block altitude readout and ensure that it is within the 200-foot parameter.

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7
Q

Consider an aircraft to have reached an altitude when

A
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8
Q

Consider an aircraft to have vacated an altitude when

A

Understand the “starting point” in the note below

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9
Q

Consider an aircraft to have passed an altitude when

A
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10
Q

Observed Deviations

Inform the pilot if you observe any of the following:

A
  • It appears that the aircraft will deviate or has deviated from its assigned route or holding area.
  • The altitude readout indicates that the aircraft has deviated by 300 feet or more from its assigned altitude.
  • The altitude readout indicates that the aircraft has deviated by 200 feet from its assigned altitude and the VMI indicates that the aircraft is continuing its climb or descent away from the assigned altitude.

When an aircraft has deviated from assigned airspace, if necessary, assist it in returning to the assigned airspace.

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11
Q

In order for ATC to use Mode C altitude information for separation purposes….

A

the aircraft Mode C altitude readout must be verified.

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12
Q

Mode C altitude is considered valid if the readout value…..

A

The Mode C altitude is considered valid if the readout value does not differ from the aircraft reported altitude by more than 200 ft. The readout is considered invalid if the difference is 300 ft or more.

Therefore, it is expected that pilot altitude reports, especially during climbs and descents, will be made to the nearest 100-ft increment.

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13
Q

Alpha tags, or Full Data Blocks (FDB)

Vs

Limited tags also called Bravo Tags or Limited Data Blocks (LDB)

A

Alpha tags, or Full Data Blocks (FDB), are the aircraft that are under our control or jurisdiction. Targets will be displayed this way when they have been tagged with a flight plan and the flight plan’s CJS matches the display CJS.

Limited tags also called Bravo Tags or Limited Data Blocks (LDB) which usually means they are under another controller’s jurisdiction.

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14
Q

Data block:

MEDEVAC Symbol

A

If the flight plan remarks contain MEDEVAC, MED or HOSP, then the MEDEVAC symbol “+” appears in front of the ACID.

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15
Q

Data Block:

WT (Wake Turbulence Category)

A

This character appears to the right of the ACID field and may be one of the following:

“-“ Light

“/“ Medium

Treated as a heavy for wake turbulence if it is the leading aircraft (Note: only on mediums that fit this description, all other mediums have no symbol) eg 757

“+” Heavy

Super heavy:

A box around a “Heavy” aircraft as indicates a Super Heavy for wake turbulence purposes.

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16
Q

Data block:

SFI

A

SFI (SPECIAL FLIGHT INFORMATION)

The SFI is a single character (letter) that is added by the controller to supplement the data tag information. The explicit meaning for each letter is unit-specific and is established by arrangement. In Generic IFR training, the SFI is used to indicate the language of the pilot in bilingual environments.
The SFI field is displayed to the right of the WT field.

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17
Q

Data Block:

VMI

A

Vertical Movement Indicator (VMI). The VMI, when activated, presents an up or down arrow next to the altitude and indicates whether the aircraft is climbing or descending.

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18
Q

Data Block:

VMR

A

Vertical Movement Rate (VMR).

This tells us the rate at which the aircraft is climbing or descending, in hundreds of feet per minute.

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19
Q

History Trail Dots

A

Each dot represents
5 seconds of flight time for the aircraft (the radar turns 12 times per minute). ADS updates every 3 seconds. Therefore, the faster the ground speed of the aircraft the further apart the dots will be. Conversely, a slow-moving aircraft will have its history trail dots closer together. Controllers can select how many history trail dots they wish to see on their display. NARDS gives the option of selecting between 0 and 200.

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20
Q

Standard phraseology vs plain language

A

Relay messages in standard phrases or plain language without altering the sense of the message in any way.

Use standard phraseology contained in MATS whenever possible. Use standard phraseology in preference to plain language. If phraseology contained in MATS is not understood, use clear and concise plain language.

Limit communications to those operationally required and do not encourage or
participate in non-essential conversation while in an operational position.

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21
Q

CPDLC

A

A text-based communication system, known as Controller-Pilot Data Link Communications (CPDLC), is installed in some ACC specialties. It allows controllers and pilots to communicate via text messaging, thereby reducing the need for voice communication.

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22
Q

Correcting a Clearance or Instruction

Identify and correct any…

*know this!!

A

Identify and correct any errors made during delivery or readback of a clearance or instruction, even if a readback is not required. If there is any possibility of misunderstanding, cancel and restate the clearance or instruction in full.

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23
Q

Providing Readbacks to Other Controllers

A

When received from a Canadian controller or when requested by other agencies, read back verbatim any IFR clearance, IFR instruction, or any amendments to IFR clearances or IFR instructions.
Similarly, Canadian flight service specialists are also required to read back a clearance or instruction.

Foreign Controller Readbacks

With the exception of foreign NAT oceanic controllers, foreign agencies may not be required to give readbacks.

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24
Q

TC AIM RAC 8.3 Altitude Reports

A

Note: There is a disconnect between our requirements and pilots’ requirements. You must ensure that you have received confirmation of any aircraft’s altitude on initial contact.

Although the CARs do not specifically direct pilots to report altitude information to ATC, pilots, if not operating in radar airspace (i.e. radar- identified by ATC), should report reaching the altitude to which the
flight has been initially cleared. When climbing or descending en route, pilots should report when leaving a previously-assigned altitude and when reaching the assigned altitude.

On initial contact with ATC, or when changing from one ATC frequency to another, when operating in radar or non-radar airspace, pilots of IFR and CVFR flights should state the assigned cruising altitude and, when applicable, the altitude through which the aircraft is climbing or
descending.

25
Q

MATS ACC > ATS Surveillance > Altitude Readouts > Invalid Altitude Readouts

Take action as indicated in “Invalid Altitude Readouts” when either of the following applies:

A
  • An altitude readout is invalid.
  • You observe a previously validated altitude readout to be invalid for four or more successive readout updates.
26
Q

Invalid Altitude Readouts

Altitude Readout is Invalid

A
  • Ensure that the pilot has the correct altimeter setting
  • Request another altitude verification

“(altimeter name) ALTIMETER ( setting ). CHECK ALTIMETER SETTING AND CONFIRM ( altitude )”

27
Q

Invalid Altitude Readouts

Aircraft’s altimeter setting is correct and the altitude readout remains invalid

A
  • Instruct the pilot to reset the transponder or ADS-B
  • If, after resetting, the readout remains invalid, instruct the pilot to turn off Mode C or ADS-B altitude transmission, and give the reason

“STOP SQUAWK MODE CHARLIE. ALTITUDE READOUT DIFFERS BY (number) FEET)”

“STOP A-D-S-B ALTITUDE TRANSMISSION. ALTITUDE READOUT DIFFERS BY (number) FEET”

28
Q

Invalid Altitude Readouts

The aircraft’s Mode C cannot be turned off without turning off the transponder

A
  • Do not use the altitude readout as an indication of the aircraft’s present altitude
29
Q

Invalid Altitude Readouts

The aircraft’s ADS-B altitude encoding cannot be turned off without turning off the ADS-B transponder

A
  • Do not use the altitude readout as an indication of the aircraft’s present altitude
  • You may consider the vertical distance between the pilot verified altitude and the ADS-B invalid report altitude as a block altitude
  • If a TCAS alert is likely to occur, issue traffic information and a cautionary indicating the invalid information to other aircraft in proximity
  • You may instruct the pilot to turn off ADS-B or their transponder and then apply an appropriate non-surveillance separation standard
  • Follow the procedures in “ADS-B unserviceable or Malfunctioning”
30
Q

Do not use invalidated altitude readouts to determine an aircraft’s altitude.

You may use invalidated altitude readouts to do any of the following:

A
  • Observe whether an aircraft is in level flight, climbing, or descending
  • Observe rates of climb or descent
  • Provide traffic information.
31
Q

Assigning Altitude Priority

A

Give priority to an aircraft carrying a sick or seriously injured person, whose condition requires priority.

When one or more pilots request the same altitude, give priority to the aircraft already at the altitude.

When two or more aircraft are at the same altitude, give priority to the leading aircraft.

You may adjust the altitude assignment for either of the following reasons:
* To accommodate the maximum number of aircraft at their requested altitudes
* To comply with ATFM* requirements

(Air traffic flow management)

32
Q

Invalid altitude readout workflow

A
  • Altitude readout is invalid
  • Aircraft’s altimeter setting is correct and the altitude readout remains invalid
  • The aircraft’s Mode C cannot be turned off without turning off the transponder
  • The aircraft’s ADS-B altitude encoding cannot be turned off without turning off the ADS-B transponder
33
Q

MATS ACC > Glossary

AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL CLEARANCE

A

An authorization issued by an ATC unit for an aircraft to proceed within controlled airspace in accordance with the conditions specified by that unit.

Also called: * Air traffic clearance * ATC clearance * Clearance

34
Q

AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL INSTRUCTION

A

A directive issued by an air traffic control unit for air traffic control purposes.

35
Q

An ATC clearance or instruction constitutes authority…

A

An ATC clearance or instruction constitutes authority for an aircraft to proceed only as far as known air traffic is concerned and is based solely on the need to safely separate and expedite air traffic.[1]

Pilots are required to comply with ATC clearances that they accept, and with ATC instructions that they acknowledge, subject to a pilot’s final responsibility for safety of the aircraft.

36
Q

Pilots are required to comply with….

A

Pilots are required to comply with ATC clearances that they accept, and with ATC instructions that they acknowledge, subject to a pilot’s final responsibility for safety of the aircraft.

37
Q

Sometimes the flight data tag will not indicate the altitude the aircraft reports and you will have to try to rectify the situation. You do this by following these steps:

A

i. Make sure the aircraft has the correct altimeter setting;
ii. Re-issue the altimeter setting; and
iii. Ask the pilot to verify their altitude.
This will ensure the pilot has the proper altimeter setting.
If the altitude readout remains incorrect, there are additional steps to take.

38
Q

Differentiate instructions, clearances, and suggested action or advice by using the appropriate prefix as indicated in the following table.

List

A
  • ATC Clearance
  • ATC Instruction
  • Other ATC messages
    ATC ADVISES
    ATC SUGGESTS
    ATC REQUESTS
39
Q

Differentiate instructions, clearances, and suggested action or advice by using the appropriate prefix

ATC Clearance

A

Issue a clearance “(Aircraft id) CLEARED…”
Relay a clearance “A-T-C CLEARS (Aircraft id)…”

40
Q

Differentiate instructions, clearances, and suggested action or advice by using the appropriate prefix

ATC Instructions

A

Issue an instruction
“(aircraft id) (imperative verb)…”

When considered necessary for emphasis in unusual circumstances:
“A-T-C INSTRUCTS (aircraft ID)…”

41
Q

Differentiate instructions, clearances, and suggested action or advice by using the appropriate prefix

Other ATC Messages

A

Issue information including:
- An expect approach clearance time
- Undetermined delay
- Traffic
“ATC ADVISES (aircraft id)”

Issue advice to aircraft operating outside controlled airspace or make a suggestion to any aircraft
  "ATC SUGGESTS (aircraft id)..."

Request information from a pilot
 "ATC REQUESTS (aircraft id)..."
42
Q

Issue clearance items, as appropriate, in the following order:

A
  1. Prefix/aircraft ID
  2. Clearance limit
  3. SID
  4. Route
  5. Altitude
  6. Speed
  7. Departure, enroute, approach, or holding instructions
  8. Special instructions or information, may include an SSR code
  9. Traffic information
43
Q

PaCS RAS DST

A
44
Q

Clearances and Instructions > Amending Clearances or Instructions

You may issue a clearance amending a….

A

You may issue a clearance amending a previous clearance. You may amend the route, the altitude, or both the route and altitude.

*The last clearance issued takes precedence over and cancels any related item of a previous clearance

45
Q

Clearances and Instructions > Amending Clearances or Instructions > Amending a Route

You may amend the route provided in a PREVIOUS CLEARANCE by doing one of the following:

A
  • State the route amendment and, if applicable, that the rest of the clearance is unchanged.
  • Issue the entire route.
46
Q

Clearances and Instructions > Amending Clearances or Instructions > Amending an Altitude

You may amend the altitude provided in a previous clearance by …

A

You may amend the altitude provided in a previous clearance by stating the amendment and, if included, restating the applicable altitude restrictions or stating that the applicable altitude restrictions are still in effect.

47
Q

Clearances and Instructions > Departure Clearance > Routings in an IFR Departure Clearance > Previously Filed Route has Not Changed

If the aircraft’s previously filed route has not changed, you may use one of the following phrases in a DEPARTURE CLEARANCE

A

“….FLIGHT PLANNED ROUTE…”

The following conditions apply:
- The flight plan is not air filed
- sufficient routing is included in the clearance to ensure that the aircraft is established on the cleared route or the aircraft is under ATS surveillance until established on the cleared route

“…VIA CENTRE-STORED FLIGHT PLANNED ROUTE…”

The flight plan has been filed in accordance with a stored flight plan agreement

Example:

“WESTJET ONE TWO TWO, CLEARED TO THE CALGARY AIRPORT, ABBOTSFORD DIRECT CILLI, FLIGHT PLANNED ROUTE”

48
Q

Clearances and Instructions > Departure Clearance > Routings in an IFR Departure Clearance > Previously Filed Route has Changed

DEPARTURE CLEARANCE

If the aircraft’s previously filed route has changed….

A

If the aircraft’s previously filed route has changed issue a full route clearance.[11] You may use the following phrase in a departure clearance

49
Q

*this has been on an exam before

Operations > Altitude > Altitude Instructions

As required, in an altitude instruction, include one or more items from Altitude Instructions:

(LIST!)

A
  • The approved altitude ASL or flight level
  • V-F-R (for CVFR aircraft)
  • The altitude at which a climbing or descending aircraft is to cross a fix
  • The place or time to start a climb or descent
  • The place or time an altitude is to be reached
  • while in controlled airspace (for aircraft entering or leaving controlled airspace)

-Detailed instructions for departure or approach

  • If not practical to immediately assign an operationally suitable altitude or flight level, the time or location to expect a higher altitude
50
Q

Operations > Altitude > Altitude Instructions

As required, in an altitude instruction, include one or more items from Altitude Instructions:

The approved altitude ASL or flight level

A

(CLIMB / DESCEND) (altitude)
MAINTAIN (altitude)

51
Q

Operations > Altitude > Altitude Instructions

As required, in an altitude instruction, include one or more items from Altitude Instructions:

V-F-R (for CVFR aircraft)

A

(MAINTAIN / CLIMB / DESCEND) (altitude) V-F-R

52
Q

Operations > Altitude > Altitude Instructions

As required, in an altitude instruction, include one or more items from Altitude Instructions:

The altitude at which a climbing or descending aircraft is to cross a fix

A

CROSS (fix) AT (altitude)

CROSS (fix) AT OR (ABOVE/BELOW) (altitude)

NOT (ABOVE/BELOW) (altitude) UNTIL (time/fix)

53
Q

Operations > Altitude > Altitude Instructions

As required, in an altitude instruction, include one or more items from Altitude Instructions:

The place or time to start a climb or descent

A

(CLIMB/DESCEND) (altitude) IMMEDIATELY [AFTER PASSING (fix) ]

(CLIMB/DESCEND) (altitude) AT (time)

WHEN READY (CLIMB/DESCENT) (altitude)

54
Q

Operations > Altitude > Altitude Instructions

As required, in an altitude instruction, include one or more items from Altitude Instructions:

The place or time an altitude is to be reached

A

REACH (altitude) BY (time or fix)

EXPEDITE (CLIMB/DESCENT) [UNTIL (PASSING/REACHING) (altitude) ]

55
Q

Operations > Altitude > Altitude Instructions

As required, in an altitude instruction, include one or more items from Altitude Instructions:

while in controlled airspace (for aircraft entering or leaving controlled airspace)

A

MAINTAIN (altitude) WHILE IN CONTROLLED AIRSPACE

56
Q

Operations > Altitude > Altitude Instructions

As required, in an altitude instruction, include one or more items from Altitude Instructions:

Detailed instructions for departure or approach

A

CLIMB (altitude) (heading) BEFORE PROCEEDING ON COURSE

57
Q

Operations > Altitude > Altitude Instructions

As required, in an altitude instruction, include one or more items from Altitude Instructions:

If not practical to immediately assign an operationally suitable altitude or flight level, the time or location to expect a higher altitude

A

(CLIMB/DESCEND) (altitude), EXPECT (HIGHER/LOWER/altitude) AT (time/fix)

Example

A pilot has filed FL370. FL190 is immediately available and FL370 will be available 80 DME east of prince george VOR
“CLIMB TO FLIGHT LEVEL ONE NINER ZERO. EXPECT HIGHER AT EIGHT ZERO D-M-E EAST OF PRINCE GEORGE VOR”

58
Q

Operationally Suitable Altitude

A

In low level airspace, an operationally suitable altitude or flight level is a flight planned altitude or an altitude as near as possible to the flight planned altitude taking into consideration the aircraft’s route

in high level airspace, an operationally suitable altitude or flight level is an altitude NO MORE THAN 4000 FEET BELOW THE FLIGHT PLANNED ALITTUDE

59
Q

Functional Goal #1

In the provision of air traffic control and flight information service, all Air Traffic Services units must provide:

A
  • Uniform application of approved standards and procedures
  • Professional communications
  • Full–time attentive flight monitoring and flight information services

Block One (15 decks)

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