Maths Y08 Aut1 Flashcards
Addition
Add, plus, total, sum
Subtraction
Subtract, minus, take away, difference, less
Multiply
Multiply, times, product
Divide
Divide, share, quotient
Integer
A whole number
Decimal Point
A dot used to separate the whole part of a number from the fractional part
Place Value
The value of where a digit is in a number
Operation
A mathematical process; add, subtract, multiply, divide, squaring, square root.
Inverse
The opposite or reverse of an operation
Negative Number
A number less than zero
=+ + The signs are The same
+
=- - The signs are The same
+
=- + The signs are different
-
=+ - The signs are different
-
BIDMAS
Order of operations, brackets, indices, division and multiplication, addition and subtraction
Prime number
A number with exactly two factors
First 10 prime numbers
2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29
Factor
A number that divides into another number exactly
Factors of 100
1, 2, 4, 5, 10, 20, 25, 50, 100
Multiple
The times table of the number
Multiples of 5
5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35…
Highest Common Factor
The largest number that is a factor of two (or more) given numbers
Lowest Common Multiple
The smallest multiple that is part of two (or more) given numbers’ times tables
Index
Indices are used to show numbers that have been multiplied by themselves
Square Number
The product of a number multiplied by itself
Square Root
The inverse of squaring a number
Cube Number
The product of a number multiplied by itself three times
Cube Root
The inverse of cubing a number
Numerator
The top number of a fraction
Denominator
The bottom number of a fraction
Mixed Number
A whole number and a proper fraction expressed together
Improper Fraction
A fraction where the numerator is greater than the denominator
Common Denominator
The denominator of two or more fractions being the same
Reciprocal
One of a pair of numbers that multiply together to equal 1
Rounding
To express to a required degree of accuracy
Estimation
Round each number in your calculation to one significant figure and calculate
Decimal Place
A specific number of digits to the right of the decimal place
First Significant Figure
The digit in the highest place value that is not zero
Upper Bound
Numbers less than this value would round down to the estimated value
Lower Bound
The smallest value that would round up to the estimated value
Percentage
Parts of 100. % is the symbol used for percentage
VAT
Value Added Tax 20%
Multiplier
The decimal equivalent of a percentage
Term
A letter or number on its own, or numbers and letters multiplied together.
Like terms
Variables that are the same are ‘like’
Expression
A collection of Mathematical terms
Identity
One side is the equivalent to the other side
Equation
A statement with an equals sign, stating that two expressions are equal in value
Formulae
Aformulais a mathematical rule or relationship that uses letters to represent amounts which can be changed – these are calledvariables
Simplify
Group together ‘like’ terms
Expand
Multiply each term in the bracket by the expression outside the bracket.
Factorise
Putting an expression back into brackets
Substitution
Where a variable is replaced by a number
Degree
Unit of angle measurement. Symbol is °
Acute
Refers to an angle less than 90°
Right Angle
An angle of 90°. Corresponding to a quarter turn
Obtuse
An angle more than 90° but less than 180°
Straight Line
An angle of 180°. Corresponding to half a turn
Reflex
An angle greater than 180° and less than 360°
Full Turn (Circle)
Entire rotation is 360°. Corresponding to a full turn
Vertically opposite
Angles opposite each other when two lines cross
Parallel Lines
Two straight lines that never meet and stay the same distance away from each other throughout their entire length
Transversal
The third line which crosses the two parallel lines
Alternate
A pair of angles on the inner side
Corresponding
The angles in matching corners
Co-Interior
Angles that lie between the two
Polygon
A 2D shape having more than three straight sides
Regular Polygon
A polygon with all equal side lengths and all equal size interior and exterior angles
Interior Angle
Is an angle on the inside of the shape, made between two of the sides
Exterior Angle
Is an angle on the outside of the shape when the side lines are extended (360 ÷ n where n is the number of sizes)
Sum of interior Angles
(n – 2) x 180° where n is the number of sides
Individual Interior Angle
(n – 2) x 180° where n is the number of sides. Each
n individual interior angle is the same size
Sum of exterior Angle
All the exterior angles total 360°
Quadrilateral
A closed, two-dimensional shape which has four straight sides and four vertices
Square
Has four straight sides – all equal in length and has four right angles
Rectangle
A quadrilateral where all interior angles are right angles. Opposite sides are parallel and of equal length.
Rhombus
A quadrilateral with all sides equal in length. Also opposite sides are parallel and opposite angles are equal. The shapes diagonals bisect at right angle
Parallelogram
A quadrilateral whose opposite sides are parallel and equal in length. Opposite angles are equal.
Kite
A quadrilateral whose adjacent sides are of equal length. The kite’s diagonal bisect at right angle
Trapezium
A quadrilateral which one pair of parallel sides
