Mathematics in the Modern World Flashcards
It is the process of reaching a general conclusion by examining specific examples.
Inductive Reasoning
A statement is true if it is true in all cases. If you find at least one case that a statement is not true, the statement is said to be a false statement. Such case that
makes the statement false is called a
COUNTER EXAMPLE
It is the process of reasoning of reaching a conclusion by applying general procedures, assumptions and principles.
Deductive Reasoning
An ordered list of numbers such as
5, 14, 27, 44, 65, …….
is called a
Sequence
The numbers in a sequence that are separated by commas are the ____ of the sequence.
terms
which shows the differences between successive terms of the sequence.
difference table,
formula to generate terms of a sequence.
nth Term Formula for a Sequence
it is one in which each successive term of a sequence is defined by using some of the preceding terms.
Recursive Definition for a Sequence
Involves collection organization, summarization, presentation and interpretation of data.
Statistics
– branch that involves collection, organization, summarization, and presentation of data.
Descriptive Statistics
branch that interprets and draw conclusion from the data.
Inferential Statistics
also known as average
Measure of central tendency
3 Measures of central tendency
- Arithmetic Mean or Mean
- Median
- Mode
n numbers is the sum of the numbers divided by n.
Arithmetic Mean or Mean
list of numbers that is arranged from smallest to largest or largest to smallest.
Ranked list
- the middle number if n is odd
- the mean of the two middle numbers if n is even
Median
the numbers that occurs most frequently.
Mode
used when some data values are more important than others.
The Weighted Mean
data that have not been organized or manipulated in any manner.
Row Data
table that lists observed events and the frequency of occurrence of each observed event.
- it is often used to organized raw data
Frequency Distribution
- also known as measure of variation
- numerical value that measures variation or dispersion or spread of the data values.
Measure of Dispersion
the ______of a set of data values is the difference between the greatest data value and the least data value
Range
numerical value that describes the variation in a data set.
Standard Deviation
– a measure of dispersion of a data set.
Variance
numerical value that describes the position of a data value in a data set.
Measure of Relative Position
The ________ of a data value X is the number of standard deviations between the data value X and the mean of a data.
Z-scores
A value x is called the pth percentile of a data set provided p% of the data values are less than x.
Percentiles
the three numbers Q1, Q2, and Q3 that partition a ranked data set into four (approximately) equal groups are called the
quartiles of the data.
-Frequency distribution that displays a data set by dividing the data into classes and listing the number of data values that fall into each class.
Grouped Frequency Distribution
frequency distribution that lists the percent of data.
Relative Frequency Distribution
