Mathematics

Question 1

What is mathematics?

Answer 1

the science of pattern and order

Question 2

What are two important concepts that apply throughout math?

Answer 2

-composing (putting things together)
-decomposing (taking things apart)

Question 3

What is procedural fluency?

Answer 3

students know how to use mathematical rules and procedures to solve problems

Question 4

What math concepts are addressed for K-3?

Answer 4

-counting and cardinality (# of elements in a set; A = {1, 2, 3}, cardinality = 3)
-operations and algebraic thinking
-number and operations in base 10
-number and operations - fractions
-measurement and data
-geometry

Question 5

What are the 8 standards for mathematical practices (SMPs)?

Answer 5

-make sense of problems and persevere in solving them
-reason abstractly and quantitatively
-construct viable arguments and critique the reasoning of others
-model with math
-use appropriate tools strategically
-attend to precision
-look for and make use of structure
-look for an express regularity in repeated reasoning

Question 6

What is a mathematical function?

Answer 6

a rule that specifies one and only one output for each input

Question 7

What is a cardinal number?

Answer 7

tells how many objects are in a set

Question 8

What is subitizing?

Answer 8

ability to immediately recognize total number of a common pattern/collection of objects without needing to count each one

Question 9

What are ordinal numbers?

Answer 9

1st, 2nd, 3rd, etc.

Question 10

What is the difference between rote counting and rational counting?

Answer 10

-rote: can say number words in order but without matching the number word with the object counted
-rational: can demonstrate 1:1 correspondence and cardinality
-can rote count to a number than they can rationally count (e.g., rote count by ones and tens to 100, but rationally count to 20)

Question 11

What is the commutative property?

Answer 11

the order (in addition and multiplication) doesn’t matter

Question 12

What is the associative property?

Answer 12

when adding/multiplying 3 or more numbers, it doesn’t matter which 2 you add/multiply first

Question 13

What is the identity property of addition/subtraction?

Answer 13

-aka zero property
-anything added/subtracted by 0 = the number that was being added/subtracted from (avoid telling children rules; allow them to figure it out)

Question 14

What is the identity property of multiplication/division?

Answer 14

-aka one property
-any number being multiplied/divided by 1 = the number being multiplied/divided (12 x 1 = 12; 12 / 1 = 12)

Question 15

What is the zero property of multiplication/division?

Answer 15

-any number multiplied 0 = 0
-0 divided by any number = 0
-a number divided by 0 = no solution

Question 16

What is iterating?

Answer 16

counting fractions

Question 17

What are examples of measurable attributes?

Answer 17

-length
-width
-height
-volume
-perimeter
-weight

Question 18

What are the 3 types of triangles?

Answer 18

-equilateral: all sides and angles are equal
-isoceles: 2 equal sides and angles
-scalene: no equal sides or angles

Question 19

T or F: Spheres, cylinders, and cones are not polyhedral.

Answer 19

T (polyhedral = polygon; they are not composed of polygons)

Question 20

What is a vertex?

Answer 20

a corner where several faces of a 3-dimensional figure meet

Question 21

What is the difference between a prism and a pyramid?

Answer 21

-prism: polyhedron w/ 2 parallel bases; named by the shaped of their bases
-pyramid: single based joined by triangles to a point

Question 22

What are some examples of spatial vocab?

Answer 22

-above
-below
-inside
-behind

Question 23

What is a point in geometry?

Answer 23

specifies a location

Question 24

What is a line in geometry?

Answer 24

has no thickness, is straight, and extends in both directions without end

Question 25

What is a ray?

Answer 25

portion of a line that has one ends point and extends forever in the other direction