Math Vocabulary Flashcards
1
Q
Whole Number
A
The numbers used in counting and zero; 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,…
2
Q
Volume
A
The amount of space taken up by a three-dimensional shape
3
Q
Variation Constant
A
The positive constant K in the equation of variation. Also called the constant of proportionality
4
Q
Variable Terms
A
Expression consisting of nonzero numbers multiplying a variable or variables
5
Q
Variable
A
A letter often x, y, or z that stands for an unspecified quantity
6
Q
Unit Rate
A
A rate which shows how many units of one quantity( in the numerator) corresponds to one unit of the second quantity (in the denominator), such as miles/hour
7
Q
Unit Conversions
A
Calculating equivalent values between systems of measurement
8
Q
Unimodal
A
Describes a distribution of data with a single clear peak
9
Q
Terminate
A
To end
10
Q
Table
A
A set of data displayed in rows and columns
11
Q
Surface Area
A
The total area of a three dimensional object’s surface
12
Q
Sum
A
The result of an addition
13
Q
Subtraction
A
Removing one number from another; the inverse of subtraction
14
Q
Subtend
A
Let S be an arc of a circle with center O. Draw radii from O to each endpoint of S, and measure the Angle between the radii. Then S is said to subtend angle from 0.
15
Q
Standard Deviation
A
A quantity that indicates the extent to which data varies from the mean
16
Q
Square Units
A
Units used to measure area. One square unit is the area of a square with sides that measure 1 unit
17
Q
Spread
A
The range of values in a data distribution
18
Q
Solve
A
Find the answer
19
Q
Slope
A
The rate of change, or the steepness and direction, of a line on a coordinate plane.
20
Q
Simplify
A
Reducing a fraction or an expression to a simpler form by actions such as cancellation of common factors and regrouping of terms with the same variable
21
Q
Semicircle
A
A half circle
22
Q
Scatterplot
A
A graph using dots to represent data points
23
Q
Scale
A
Ratio of graphical representation to actual size
24
Q
Rounding
A
Simplifying a number by removing decimal places or changing those places to zero
25
Round- off-error
Rounded numbers are not perfectly accurate; there is a certain amount of error involved when using them. When using rounded numbers in repeated calculations, these errors can build up and sometimes cause highly inaccurate results
26
Right Triangle
A triangle with a right angle
27
Repeat
Do again
28
Reciprocal
1 divided by the original number, or, for a nonzero fraction a/b, the reciprocal is b/a; the reciprocal of a nonzero fraction is a/b is b/a. The product of a number and its reciprocal
29
Real Number
Rational and irrational numbers together
30
Rational Number
A number that can be expressed as a fraction
31
Ratio
A comparison of the sizes of two numbers
32
Rate of Change
A rate that describes how one quantity changes in relation to another
33
Rate
A ratio that compares quantities of two units of measure
34
Range
The difference between the highest and lowest values in a set
35
Random Variable
Essentially, a rule that assigns a number to a certain event
36
Quotient
The result of a division
37
Quadrants
In a Cartesian graph of a plane, the four quarters into which the plane is divided by the two axes. They are labeled with Roman numerals; Quadrant I is in the upper right quarter, and the numbering proceeds from there clockwise
38
Proportion
An equality of two ratios
39
Product
The result of a multipication
40
Probability
The likelihood that an event will occur
41
Prime Number
A nonzero whole number that has only itself and 1 as factors; 2 is the lowest prime number
42
Point on A Graph
The location of a value expressed as (x,y)
43
Place Value
Numerical value defined by position
44
Pie Chart
A circular graph with slices suggestive of a pie; the larger the slice, the greater the quantity being represented
45
Perimeter
The distance around a two-dimensional shape
46
Percentage Increase
The positive difference between two numbers, divided by the first number , multiplied by 100
47
Percentage Decrease
The negative differences between two numbers, divided by the first number, multiplied by 100
48
Percent
Parts per 100
49
Pythagorean Theorem
A mathematical theorem that states for any right triangle , the square of the hypotenuse equals the sum of the square of the legs
50
Outlier
A data point that distinctly separate from other data; unexpected value
51
Origin
In a Cartesian graph, the point (0,0)(for a plane) or (0,0,0)(for a space). It is found at the intersection of the axes
52
Ordering Numbers
Putting numbers in order from lowest to highest
53
Ordered Triple
An order set of three numbers usually enclosed in parentheses
54
Ordered Pair
An ordered pair set of two numbers, usually enclosed in parentheses. by ordered is meant that the order in which the numbers appear is important. For example (1,2) ia not considered the same (2,1)
55
Order of Operations
The sequence of operations that must be followed to simplify an expression
56
Operation
A mathematical action
57
Numerator
The top number of a fraction
58
Non-negative
Greater than or equal to zero. (positive or zero)
59
Multiplication Principle
In a true equation a=b, a*c=b*c is also true for any number c
60
Multiplication
Addition of a number to itself a specified number of times
61
Multiples of a number
A number multiplied by various integers
62
Mixed Numbers
A number formed by an integer and a fraction
63
Metric System
International System of Units based on the power of 10
64
Measures of Central Tendency
Means is what is commonly known as the average; median is the middle value; and mode is the number repeated most often
65
Linear Units
A unit used to measure length
66
Line Graph
A graph using lines or line segments to represent data or trends
67
Like Terms
Terms in expression with the same variable(s) and power(s). The number multiplying the variables need not be the same
68
Length
The measure from end to end
69
Legend
An explanation of figures used in a map or chart
70
Leg
One or two sides of a right triangle not the hypotenuse
71
Least Common Multiple
The LCM of two nonzero whole numbers is the smallest number that is a multiple of both
72
Least Common Denominator
The least common multiple of the denominators of two or more fractions
73
Isolator
To manipulate an algebraic equation, using the principles of algebra, in order to get the variable alone on one side of the equation. Also called the isolating of the variable
74
Irregular Shape
A shape in which not all sides or angles are equal
75
Irrational Number
A real number that cannot be expressed as a rational number, that is, by terminating or repeating decimal
76
Inverse Variable
This occurs when an increase or decrease in one variable produces a decrease, respectively, in another variable
77
Inverse Arithmetic Operations
Mathematical operations that undo each other
78
Integer
Whole numbers and their negatives;..., -3,-2,-3,0,1,2,3...
79
Inequality Symbols
Less than (<) ,greater than (>) ,less than or equal to( ≤) less than or equal to, (≥)greater than or equal to.
80
Inequality
A mathematic statement with two expressions which do not have the same value
81
Independent Variable
A variable that determines the value of another variable
82
Hypotenuse
The side of a right triangle opposite its right angle
83
Graph
A drawing which represents relationships between numbers or data
84
Front-end
Disregard every number after the first
85
Fraction
A number expressed as a numerator and denominator
86
Factoring
Breaking down a number into its components under multiplication; e.g., 10=1*2*5
87
Extraneous
Irrelevent
88
Expression
A finite string of mathematical symbols (numbers, operations, variables) that are grouped to show a value
89
Expected Value
The most likely value of a random variable
90
Estimation
A rough calculation of numbers
91
Erroneous
Incorrect
92
Equation of Variable
The equation of direct variation, y=kx, or inverse variation, y=k/x
93
Equation
A mathematical statement that indicates the equality of two expressions
94
Divisor
When a division is written as a fraction , this is the denominator
95
Division
Separation of numbers into parts; the inverse of multiplication
96
Divisible
A number is divisible by another number if it is a multiple of that number , or if division by it results in a zero remainder
97
Dividend
The number being divided in a division. When a division is written as a fraction, this is the numerator
98
Distributive Property
For three numbers a ,b ,c , a(b + c)=ab + ac
99
Direct Variation
This occurs when an increase or decrease in one variable produces an increase or decrease, respectively, in another variable
100
Dimensional Analysis
Using the technique of multiplication by one to convert rates
101
Difference
The result of a subtraction
102
Dependent Variable
A variable that depends on at least one other variable
103
Denominator
The bottom number of a fraction
104
Decimal Place Value
Power of ten by position away from the decimal point. Going left; units, tens, hundreds, etc. Going right; tenths, hundredths, thousandths, etc.
105
Decimal
A number expressed in powers of ten.
106
Data Trend
General tendency of numbers in a set
107
Cubic Unit
Units used to measure volume. One cubic unit is the volume of a cube with sides that measure 1 unit
108
Covariance
The way two variables change together
109
Correlation
The way two variables change together, also known as covariation
110
Conversion Factor
The number used to multiply or divide to convert from one value to another
111
Conversion
Changing one value or unit of measurement to another that is equivalent
112
Contextual
Related to surrounding content
113
Constant of proportionality
The ratio between two quantities
114
Constant
A number that is not attached to or does not multiply a variable
115
Composite Number
A non zero whole number not equal to 1 that is not prime
116
Compatible Numbers
Numbers that are conductive to easy mental computations
117
Common Denominators
In a set of two or more fractions, an integer that is divisible by each denominator. That is, a multiple of all of the denominators
118
Combine Like Term
Simplifying an expression by using the distributive property
119
Coefficient
The number being multiplied by a variable
120
Clustering
Noting that a group of members are close to a certain value
121
Clear the Equation of the Fractions
Multiplying both sides of an equation with fractions by a common denominator of all of the fractions to simplify the equation
122
Clear the Equation of Decimals
Multiplying both sides of an equation with decimals by a power of ten that will result in all-integer numbers in the equation
123
Circumference
The length around a circle
124
Chart
Information in the form of a table or graph
125
Cancellation
Ignoring factors of 1 in multiplication of fractions
126
Cartesian Coordinate
An ordered pair or ordered triple used to specify a point on a plane or in a space, respectively
127
Bivariate
Containing two variables
128
Bimodal
Describes a distribution of data with two clear peaks
129
Bar Graph
A graph using vertical or horizontal bars to represent quantities
130
Axis
A reference line, often a number line, for measurement of coordinates. In a Cartesian graph, there are two axes for a plane (usually x- and y-axis) and three axes for a space (usually x-, y- and z- axis) all set at right angles to each other
131
Area
The amount of space inside a two dimensional boundary
132
Arc
Part of the circumference of a circle.
133
Algebraic Equation
A mathematical equation that includes one or more variables
134
Additive Inverse
The additive inverse of a is -a; that is, it is a number which, when added to a, yields zero
135
Addition Principle
In a true equation a=b, a + c= b + c is also true for any number c
136
Absolute Value
The absolute value of a number x, symbolized |x|, is the distance from x to 0 on a number line. It can also be defined as |x|= x if x ≥ 0, or =-x if x < 0
137
Absolute Difference
The absolute value of the difference of two numbers
