MATH TERMS - INVEST 5 to LESSON 60 Flashcards
Mean
The average of numbers
Median
The middle number when the data are arranged in numerical order
Mode
The most frequently occurring number
Range
The difference between the largest number and the smallest number in a list.
5, 17, 12, 34, 29, 13
To calculate the range of these numbers, subtract the smallest number from the largest number.
34 - 5 = 29
Stem-and-leaf Plot
A method of graphing a collection of numbers by placing the “stem” digits (or initial digits) in one column and the “leaf” digits (or remaining digits) out to the right.
Reciprocal
Two numbers whose product is 1
3/4 x 4/3 = 1
Therefore the fractions 3/4 and 4/3 are reciprocals.
Use this when you need to find how many times a fraction goes into 1.
pi (π)
The number of diameters equal to the circumference of a circle.
Approximate values of pi are 3.14 and 22/7
Graph
(1) Noun: A diagram, such as a bar graph, a circle graph (pie chart), or a line graph, that displays quantitative information.
Mixed Number
A whole number and a fraction together.
2 1/3 means “two and one third”
Line Plot
A method of plotting a set of numbers by placing a mark above a number on a number line each time it occurs in the set.
Average
The number found when the sum of two or more numbers is divided by the number of addends in the sum: also called mean.
5 + 6 + 10 = 21
21 ÷ 3 = 7
The average of 5, 6, and 10 is 7.
Bimodal
Having two modes.
(Note: A Mode is the most frequently occurring number within a set of numbers.)
EXAMPLE:
In the data set 5, 1, 44, 5, 7, 13, 9, 7, the two modes are 5 and 7. So it is Bimodal.
Center
The point inside a circle from which all points on the circle are equally distant.
Circle Graph
A method of displaying data, often used to show information about percentages or parts of a whole. A circle graph is made of a circle divided into sectors.
It is also called a Pie Graph because it looks like a pie.
Circumference
The perimeter of a circle
Perimeter
The distance around a closed flat shape.
Perfect Square
The product when a whole number is multiplied by itself.
The number 9 is a Perfect Square because 3 x 3 = 9
Percent
A fraction whose denominator of 100 is expressed as a percent sign (%).
Pictograph
A method of displaying data that involves using pictures to represent the data being counted.
Positive Numbers
Numbers that are greater than zero.
.25 and 157 are positive numbers.
-40 and 0 are not positive numbers.
Protractor
A tool used to measure and draw angles
Product
The result of multiplication
5 x 4 = 20.
The product of 5 and 4 is 20.
Quotient
The result of division
12 ÷ 3 = 4
The quotient is 4.
Qualitative Data
Data that is expressed in or relating to categories rather than quantities (amounts) or numbers.
For examples, grouping people into favorite flavors of ice cream.
Quantitative Data
Data expressed in or relating to quantities (amounts) or numbers.
It is numerical such as , the number of hours someone rides a horse, or the number of carrots a horse eats in a week.
Remainder
The amount left after division.
15 ÷ 2 = 7 R1
Square Root
One of two equal factors of a number.
A square root of 81 is 9 because 9 x 9 = 81.
The symbol for square root is: √
Square
The product of a number and itself
The Square of 9 is 81
Sum
The result of addition
7 + 6 = 13
The sum of 7 and 6 is 13
Parallel Lines
Lines in the same plane that do not intersect
Divisor
A number by which another number is divided.
In 12 ÷ 3 = 4, The divisor is 3.
Dividend
A number that is divided.
in 12 ÷ 3 = 4, the Dividend is 12.
Divisible
Able to be divided by a whole number without a remainder.
20 ÷ 4 = 5
Digit
Any of the symbols used to write numbers: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9.
Difference
The result of subtraction.
In 12 - 8 = 4, the difference in this problem is 4.
Numerator
The top term of a fraction.
In 9/10, 9 is the numerator.
Probability
A way of describing the likelihood of an event; the ratio of favorable outcomes to all possible outcomes.
Example: The probability of rolling a 3 with a standard number cube oi 1/6.
Chance
A way of expressing the likelihood of an event; the probability of an event expressed as a PERCENTAGE.
Examples:
The CHANCE of snow is 10%. it is not likely to snow.
There is an 80% CHANCE of rain. It is likely to rain.
Polygon
a closed shape with straight sides.
3-sided Polygon
Triangle
4-sided Polygon
Quadrilateral
Both squares and rectangles are Quadrilaterals
5-sided Polygon
Pentagon
6-sided Polygon
Hexagon
8-sided Polygon
Octagon
Regular Polygon
A polygon where all the sides have the same length and all the angles have the same measure.
A square is an example of a Regular Polygon.
Congruent
Something that has the same shape and size.
Polygons have the same shape and size are called Congruent.
Vertex
where to sides of a polygon meet (or intersect). The plural of Vertex is VERTICES.
Note: A polygon has the same number of Vertices as it has sides.
