Math & Labs Flashcards
Which labs would be ordered for a patient with kidney concerns?
Creatinine and BUN (Blood urea nitrogen)
Which labs would be ordered for a patient with a potential UTI?
Urinalysis (bilirubin, specific gravity, pH, ketones, proteins, glucose, nitrites, leukocytes, etc)
What are the Arterial Blood Gases?
pH , PaO2 (particles of O2), PaCO2 (particles of CO2), HCO3- (bicarbonate), and O2 saturation
What is included in a complete blood cell count?
WBCs, RBCs, HgB (hemoglobin), Hematocrit (Hct), and Platelets (Plt)
What is included in an anemia panel?
Folic acid, ferritin, serum iron, and Vitamin B12
What kind of tests would be ordered for someone with a working thyroid related diagnosis?
TSH, T3 (free), and T4 (free and total)
What laboratory tests measure cardiac function?
B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), creatinine phosphokinase (CK, CPK), troponin I, and lactic acid
Which labs would be ordered for a patient with liver concerns?
Alkaline phosphatase (Alk Phos), Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), bilirubin, and protein (albumin included)
What labs measure blood coagulation?
aPTT, PT (prothrombin time), fibrinogen and D-Dimer
Which electrolytes do we commonly test for in blood draws?
sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium, phosphorus, anion gap, and bicarbonate (carbon dioxide)
How many mL are in a tsp?
5 mL = 1 tsp
How many mL are in a tbsp?
15 mL = 1 tbsp
How many tsp are in a tbsp?
3 tsp = 1 tbsp
How many tablespoons is 30 mL?
2 tbsp
What is the conversion between mL and ounces?
1 oz = 30 mL
What is the conversion between tablespoons and ounces?
2 tbsp = 1 oz
How many ounces are in a teacup?
6 oz
How many cups are in a pint and a quart?
2 cups in a pint ; 4 cups in a quart
How many mL are in a (8 oz) glass/measuring cup?
240 mL
How many mL are in a pint?
A pint = 480 or round up to 500 mL / 16 oz / 2 cups
How many mL are in a quart?
A quart = 960 or round up to 1,000 mL (1 L) / 32 oz / 4 cups
How many lbs are in a kg?
2.2 lbs = 1 kg
How many cm are in an inch?
2.5 cm = 1 inch
Do we round off medication dosages?
Yes. Round off to 2 decimal places
How do you convert between two systems?
Set up a ratio of a proportion or a fraction and then solve for x (if in fraction form, you just have to cross multiply)
How do you convert within the metric system?
Use the staircase :D Move the decimal to the right if you’re going from large to small, and to the left if you’re going from small to large
(Kilo -> Hecto -> Deca -> Liter/Gram/Meter -> Deci -> Centi -> Milli -> ___ -> ____ -> Micro)
What is the rule for comparing decimal values?
The greater number to the right of the decimal means the greater the decimal is. If the numbers are equal, apply it to the next value in the decimal
What is the rule for multiplying decimals?
Line the decimals up diagonally -> multiply each digit by each other individually -> add the products of multiplication vertically to get your answer -> count the decimal places in each multiple to get the number of decimal places to round it to
What is the rule for dividing decimals?
Make the divisor (outside the box) a whole number by moving the decimal to the right -> do the same thing to the dividend (inside the box) -> divide -> round the answer to however many decimal places you are instructed to. Usually 2
How do you turn a decimal into a fraction?
Write it out how it sounds. 0.53 is 53/100 for example. REMEMBER TO REDUCE IF YOU CAN
How do you turn a fraction into a decimal?
Just divide it and then round it off.
How do you multiply fractions?
Horizontally multiply each number and then reduce the product
How do you divide fractions?
Flip the second fraction into a reciprocal and then just multiply them how you normally would
If you have a mixed fraction, how do you add/subtract, or multiply/divide it?
Change it to an improper fraction and THEN Divide it
How do you add/subtract fractions?
Make sure they have an LCD first and then do it normally
What’s the rule for evaluating fraction values?
When they have the same denominator, the bigger numerator is the bigger fraction.
How do you change a mixed number to an improper fraction?
Multiply the bottom (denom) and whole number together -> add the top (num.) to the product -> write that product over the original bottom (denom) -> reduce if you can
How do you change an improper fraction to a mixed number?
Divide the numerator by the denominator by hand. The product will be the whole number, the remainder will be the numerator, and the denominator will be the same as the OG -> reduce if you can
What’s the conversion between pints and quarts?
1 pt = 0.5 qt
