Math Flashcards
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Greater than
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Less than
=
Equal to
Addends
Two or more numbers you add together
Sum
Answer to addition problem
Minuend
Number you subtract from in a subtraction problem
Subtrahend
Number you subtract in a subtraction problem
Difference
Answer to the subtraction problem
Factor
Number multiplied by another
Product
Answer in a multiplication problem
Divisor
Number that get divided from another number
Dividend
Number that divides into another number
Quotient
Answer to a division problem
Rational number
Numbers that can be expressed as fractions
Whole numbers
Any positive, non-fraction or non-decimal number
Prime numbers
Numbers that can be divided into itself only
Exponent
Rule to multiply that number by the exponent
Integer
Positive or negative whole number or zero
Real number
any known number on the number line
Rational numbers
Numbers that can be expressed as fractions
Numerator
Top number of a fraction
Denominator
Bottom number of a fraction
Proper fraction
Fraction where numerator is smaller than denominator
Improper fraction
opposite of proper fraction
Mixed number
Whole number and a fraction
Another method of writing an improper fraction
Greatest Common Factor (GCF)
Largest number that divides evenly into two or more numbers
Least common multiple
Smallest number that two or more numbers divide into evenly
Relatively prime
Term to describe two or more numbers whose GCF is 1
Lowest terms
Fraction A/B, where A & B are relatively prime
Reciprocal
Resulting fraction when you switch the numerator and the denominator, the reciprocal of A/B is B/A
Variable
Letter that takes place of a number
Algebraic expression
Collection of numbers and variables connected by signs and symbols
Term
Individual piece of an expression
Like terms
Terms with the same variables and same exponents
Equation
Two equal expression
Adding Fractions
Find LCD, add numerators, simplify
1/4 + 1/6 = 3/12 + 2/12 = 5/12
Subtracting fractions
Find LCD, Subtract numerators, Simplify
3 - 5 1/3 = 9/3 - 16/3 = 7/3 = 2 1/3
Multiplying fractions
Multiply across, then simplify
Division of fractions
Make second number a reciprocal and multiply
3/4 / 7 = 3/4 / 7/1 = 3/4 x 1/7 = 3/28
Calculation of percent
15% of 500 is what number?
0.15 x 500 = 75
What percent of 250 is 10?
0.04
Convert fractions to a decimal
3/125 = 125/3.000 = 0.024 1/6 = 6/1.000000 = 0.1666666666
Estimation
Approximate value of the solution to a problem
Take-home pay
Add all deductions together, then subtract that total from the beginning salary
Roman numeral system
System of writing numbers using a combination of M, D, C, L, X, V, I
Roman numeral: L
50
Roman numeral: C
100
Roman numeral: D
500
Roman numeral: M
1,000
Changing roman numerals to Arabic numbers
- From left to right, write as sum
- Begin with largest possible value: M, D, C, L, X, V, I
- When I, X, C is used to the left of a larger value, subtract its value from the larger value
Example: MCCXXXIV M = 1000 CC = 100+100 XXX = 10+10+10 IV = 5-1 = 1234
Changing Arabic numbers to roman numerals
- Write from left to right.
- Take each place value and change to a Roman numeral.
- I, X, and C may be written two or three times in a row as long as they are not followed by a larger value.
- Use I, X, and C to the left of larger values to indicate subtraction from the larger values.
- V, L, and D are never used to the left of a larger value.
- V, L, and D are never used more than one time.
ex. Al Khwarizmi wrothe the first book of algebra in 825 C.E. Write this date in Roman numerals. 800=500+100+100, so DCCC 20=10+10, so XX 5=5, so V DCCC+XX+V=DCCCXXV
3x/5 - 2 = x + 1/3
-35/6;
3x/5 - 2 = x + 1/3 find LCD = 15;
9x/15 - 30/15 = 15x/15 + 5/15 place the x’s on one side of the equation & the constants on the other;
- 35/15 = 6x/15;
- 35 - 6x or x = -35/6
298.52 / 6.8 =
43.9
2 1/2 x 1 1/2 = 5/2 x 3/2 = 15/4 =
3 3/4;
2 1/2 x 1 1/2 = 5/2 x 3/2 = 15/4 = 3 3/4
8 5/8 - 7 11/16 =
15/16;
8 5/8 - 7 11/16 = 8 10/16 - 7 11/16 = 138/16 - 123/16 = 15/16
Fractional Equivalent
6 2/3 =
1/15;
6 2/3 = 20/3 / 1/100 = 20/300 = (simplify) 1/15
Bar graph displays what?
Frequency and compares discreet data
Simplify;
5/6 / 9
5/54
5/6 / 9 = 5/6 x (reciprocal) 1/9 = 5/54
Simplify:
3 2/4 x 1 1/2 =
5 1/4
14/4 x 3/2 = 42/8
5 2/8 = 5 1/4
Simplify:
0.4 / 0.5 =
- 8
0. 4 / 0.5 = 4 / 5 = 0.8
Multiplying Decimals:
5.62 x 0.3
1.686
5.62 x 0.3;
562 x 3 = 1686;
There are three decimal points = 1.686
Compute the difference
3 - 5 1/3
-2 1/3;
3/1 = 9/3;
5 1/3 = 16/3;
9/3 - 16/3 = -7/3;
-7/3 = -2 1/3
Simplify:
3/15 - 2/25
3/25;
3/15 x 5 = 15/75;
2/25 x 3 = 6/75;
15/75 - 6/75 = 9/75 = 3/25
